karbit EsVgrk TsSnavdþIénmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa

Transkripts

1 TsSnavdþIénmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa karbit EsVgrk bu em:g ³ GñkenArs;BIrbbExμrRkhmenAmnÞIrs-21 karttyl)annuvyutþifm nig karpshpsaenakm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_ EckCUneday\tKitéfødl;mnÞIrRsuknigXuMTUTaMgRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa

2 i TsSnavdþIénmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa matika b U em:g ³ GñkenArs;CIvitBImnÞIrs-21>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>1 EpñkÉksar vkábnþúhbnþalrkúmuldæan enaextþkmbt>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>2 kumarcncaticamkñúgrbbexμrrkhm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>6 Cab;KukedaysarbdiesFnwgGgÁkar>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>8 EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav rmb kéf cgcam ³ mnþirbucniydæanvtþs ÜneBRC>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>10 karcybrbcmucamyygñkpumi ³ kmμapi)alexμrrkhm)an>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>12 KukRtaceRkalrbs;ExμrRkhm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>16 ekcbikarsmøab;rbs;exμrrkhm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>18 surkitü ³ ExμrRkhmGaRkk;pg l pg >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>20 b U em:g ³ esovepaedim,ikarcgcam nig yutþifm sgám>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>24 KeRmagCYyCnrgeRKaH ³ karculrymd¾mangtßn½y>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>25 evtikagñkpumienakñúgextþebaf sat; ³ RbtikmμcMeBaHkar >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>28 Epñkc,ab; karttyl)annuvyutþifm nigkarpshpsaenakm<úca >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>32 evtikabipaksasafarn³ karcybcmurbs;gñkykb½t mankñúgsm½ys gáamenakm<úca>>>>>>>>>>>46 GñksarB½t manedlsøab;kñúgsm½ys gáamenakm<úca >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>51 karcybsmenhsmnalrvagshrbhracgacja>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>54 TsSn³TUeTAcMeBaHkaresñIsMu[mankarpøas;bþÚr>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>55 TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar mþay kñúgrbbexμrrkhm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>60 EsVgrkkarBit BiFIdEgðGdæiFatuCnrgeRKaHkñúgrbbExμrRkhmenAvtþs ÜneBRC rksasit mcämnðléksarkm<úca GnuBaØat[e)aHBum<pSayeday RksYgB½t manénrbhracanacrkkm<úca RbkaseTsrdæm nþinigrdæm nþirksygb½t man elx0291bm/99 cuhéf TI2ExsIhaqñaM1999 rubftéksar³mcämnðléksarkm<úca nigsarmniþr]rkidækm~rbl½ybucsasn_tylesøg es~relxenh ³ Ca klüan/ can pløa/ su Iri savina/ epg BgSr:asI u/ esi sayüana/ RKI s uyehog/ m:arwdit DIn/ NatahSa )ac/ sw um sup½ kþ Kit esri/ GanRDÚ hv>dayemn/ xal Edlb Ik/ qay QunlI GñkniBn nigrsavrcav ³ tat lkçina/ esam b unfn/ suin sufita GñkbkERb³ Capløa/ etsm:aer:m nibn nayktueta³ qamgyu CMnYykarniBn nayk³ jansucati RkahVikkuMBüÚT½r³ suwmsup½ kò RKb;RKgkarEckpSay³ m:m supat dccam@online.com.kh, Homepage:

3 EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt smburt³ b U em:g ³ GñkenArs;CIvitBImnÞIrs-21 yutiþfm srmab;eblgnakt minemnrkan;etsrmab;cnrgerkahb:uenñahet nibn eday ³ h uy vnñ³ Gs;ry³eBlCitsamsibqñaMbnÞab;BIrbbExμrRkhm d¾exarexa)andylrlm GñkrYcrs;CIvitmñak;BIynþkarénkareFIV TaruNkmμd¾Kμanemtþa)anegIbxøÜnecjBIRbvtþisa sþehiy Rbkasfa «mancivitrs;enaeliy.» ExμrRkhm)anXMuXaMgnigeFIVTaruNkmμRbCaCnkm<úCa cmnynrbman14>000nak; enakuktylesøg b «mnþirs- 21. karxmuxamgenamnþirs-21 KWCakarkat;eTasRbhar» CIvitd¾BitR)akdmYy manetmnussmyycmnyntucb:uenñahedl GacecjmkeRkArYcrs;CIvit. kñúgcmenamenahk¾man b U em:g mñak;edr EdlCaCagKMnUrmñak;. CaeRcInqñaMbnÞab;BIkardYlrlM énrbbexμrrkhm erogmyyedlkyr[rn t;cagekenakñúgrbvtiþ sa sþ ehiycagbitsvtsr_bnþab;bi mnþ Irs-21 )andylrmlm b U em:g RtÚv)aneKeCOCak;fa )an søab;)at;etaehiy. enakñúgexmkra qñam2002 kaestkñúg rubkmnurrbs; b U em:g nigrbbn enamnþ Irs-21 RsukCaPasaGg;eKøsmYyenAkñúgTIRkúgPñMeBj)anraykarN_ fa Kat;)ansøab;enAkñúgqñaM1997 b enakñúgqñam1998 ehiyenakñúgextula qñam2002 TsSnavdþIkm<úCamYy Edl maneqμahfa «TsSnavdþIEsVgrkkarBit )anexijrubft» myysnø wkrbs;gñkrycrs;civitbimnþ Irs-21EdlRbmUl)anenA GtItKukTYlEsøgenaH )anraykarn_fa b U em:g )at;xøün. b:uenþ b U em:g enars;civity:agbitr)akd. karedl Kat;GacrYcBITIsßand¾éRBépSmYyenHKWedaysarEtKat; mancmnajcagñkkurkmnur. enakñúggmlúgeblxmuxamgxøünrbs; Kat;enAmnÞ Irs-21 b U em:g RtÚv)anExμrRkhmbgç M[KUrrUbrbs; b:ul Bt nigemdwknamkumμúynisepsg²etotkñúgbmngexasna neya)ay. edaysaretcmnajbiessrbs;kat; emxatkr enamnþirs-21)antukkat;[enars;civit. b:uenþ RbBn rbs; b U em:g EdlmaneQμaH m:a eyon b kunrbúsbirnak;rbs;kat; minmanvasnars;ranmanciviteliy. m:a eyon RtÚvTTYlrg nuvtarunkmμ ehiyrtúv)ansmøab;enaval BiXateCIgÉk. kunrbs; b U em:g RtÚvsøab; edaygt;gaharenakgkumar. erogr:avrbs; b U em:g KWCasac;erOgmYy kñúgcmenamerogr:avrab;lanrbs;rbcacn km<úcaedlttylrgnuvpabtukçevtna karefvi TaruNkmμ nigkarcab;xmuxamgkñúggmlúgrbb érbépsrbs;exμrrkhm. sbvéf erogr:avrbs; b U em:g )ankøay CaerOgr:avd¾BiessmYy ehiykarcgcamrbs; Kat;GaceRbIR)as;Ca]bkrN_mYykñúgkar EsVgrkkarBitnigyutþiFm. qamg yu mcämnðléksarkm<úca 1

4 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar vkábnþúhbnþalrkúmuldæan enaextþkmbt GMBI³ «karpþl;vifisa sþtmenibkñúgkarbergónrbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyü» enarbwkéf TI5 Exemsa qñam2010 mcämnðl Éksarkm<úCa nigmnþirgb;rm yuvcn nigkilaextþkmbt )anebik vkábnþúhbnþaldl;rkúmuldæancmnyn85nak; sþibikarpþl;vifi sa sþtmenibfμi²kñúgkarbergónrbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafib etyüenasalrbcmumnþirgb;rm edaymankargeba IjcUlrYmCa KN³GFibtIBIelak tak; hab; RbFanmnÞIrGb;rM yuvcn nig kilaextþkmbt elak qamg yu naykmcämnðléksarkm<úca sa sþacarü smbur m:anñar:a GnuRbFaned):atWm:g;Rbvtþi sa sþénsklvitüal½ypuminþpñmebj nigrkú]etþsfñak;catinig fñak;extþmyycmnyn mkbiextþérbevg svayerog taekv kmbg;cam nigextþkmbg;fm. elak epg BgSr:asIu RbFanKeRmagRbvtþisa sþ km<úcarbcafibetyü nigcagñksrmbsrmülkñúgvkábnþúh bnþalenh)anbba ak;fa ekalbmngsmxan;énvkábnþúh bnþalrbvtþ isa sþkm< úcarbcafibetyü KWedIm,Ibegá It[man karpshpsabifñak;muldæandl;fñak;cati nigedim,igpivdæn_sgám tamry³karbm)at;ecalnuvpabkmukyn nigerisegig. bnþab;mk elak)anbgðajr)aykarn_sþibivkábnþúhbnþalduckñaenh dl;rkú]etþsfñak;caticmnyn24rub nigrkú]etþsfñak;extþcmnyn 180rUbmkBIextþRKb;extþ-RkúgTUTaMgRbeTskm<úCa. enakñúgqñam2010enh mcämnðléksarkm<úcanwg cab;epþimvkábnþúhbnþalfm²elikti3rbs;xøün KWvKÁbNþúH bnþalrkúmuldæanenatutamgrbetscmnyn1>627rub ehiyenhkwcakarcab;epþimdmbugsrmab;vkábnþúhbnþalrkú muldæankñúgextþcmnynbynkw extþkmbt RBHsIhnu RkecH nig sþwgertg. RKÚmUldæanEdlbeRgónmuxviC arbvtþivitüacmnyn sa sþacarü smbur m:anñar:a efvibtbgðajbivifisa sþrsavrcavkñúgbifiebikvkábnþúhbnþalrkúmuldæanenaextþkmbt 2 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

5 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar 85rUbmkBIextþkMBt nigekb )anmkcybcmukñaculrymkñúgvká bnþúhbnþaledlr)arb efvienaextþkmbtbiéf TI5-11 Ex emsa qñam2010 edim,ierkbcba k;ykcmenhdwgfiμ²edl pþl;[edayrkú]etþsfñak;cati nigfñak;extþsþibivifisa sþ TMenIbfμI²kñúgkarbeRgónRbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyü. bnþab;bicb;vkábnþúhbnþalenh RKÚmUldæanTaMgGs;nwgTTYl )anvibaøabnbrtbba ak;karsiksa Edlpþl;[edayRksYg Gb;rM yuvcn nigkila. vkábnþúhbnþalenhnwgpþl;[elakrkúgñkrkúnuvvifi sa sþbergónfμi EdlmanenAkñúgesovePA «ENnaMsRmab;RKÚ bergón» CasñaédniBn edaygñknibn CnCatiExμr nig Gaemrik EdlmansBaØabRtCan;x<s;xagGb;rMmkBIshrdæ Gaemrik ėlaksa sþacarü smbur m:anñar:a efvibtbgðajbikar cgrkgéksarrbvtþisa sþ nig RsavRCav eday)anelik eligfa enakñúgkarbergón elakrkúgñkrkúrtúverobcméksar GanesovePA BicarNa nigerbóbefobrbvtþ isa sþ. cmenk elak qamg yu nig elak egnrdú exli CYbCamYyRKÚmUldæanenAextþkMBt enakñúgbribtkñúgkarrsavrcav RKÚRtÚvkMNt;BITMhMRbFanbT nigtinñn½yedlrtúvrbmul. elak smbur m:anñar:a bba ak;fa vkábnþúhbnþalrbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyümansar smxan;srmab;elakrkúgñkrkúyketagb;rmsiss CaBiess rvagcnéddl; nigcnrgerkah[pshpsakña. bnþab;mkelak tak; hab; semþgnuvtwkcitþrikray edaysarextþrbs;elak)anttylelakrkúgñkrkú]etþsfñak; extþ fñak;cati nigbukálikmcämnðlkm<úcamkebikvkábnþúh bnþalelakrkúgñkrkúrbvtþ ivitüaenaextþkmbtenh. vifisa sþ fμienh elakrkúgñkrkúgacnwgykmkbba ÚlkñúgviFIsa sþedl manrsab;yketabergón niggac[sissrmb keligvijbirbb km<úcarbcafibetyü. elak tak; hab; bba ak;fa RbvtþiviTüaKWCaviTüa sa sþbgðajr)ab;karbit b:uenþ GaRs½yeTAelIGñkGnuvtþnig GñkdwknaM. karbergónrbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyüenh nwgminnam[sissmankarqwcab;nigbgágsißrpabenakñúgsgám km<úcaet b:uenþpþúyetavij edim,i[sissnigrbcacnyl;kan; Etc,as;las;EfmeTot. elak)anbnþfa enasalacmenhtuetamyycmnyn elakrkúgñkrkú myycmnynenaetmankarlm)akkñúgkarkarbnül; [sissecofa manrbbexμrrkhm b:uenþena eblenhedayeyagtamxøwmsar emeronvifi sa sþbergónfμi nigéksarcaercinedl pþl;mkbimcämnðléksarkm<úcanwgefvi[ sisseco. enacugbba b; elak tak; hab; )anpþamepji elakrkúgñkrkútamggs;edlmkculrymvká bnþúhbnþal[xitxmykcitþtukdak;sþab; nig eronsurt edim,iykcmenhdwgtamgenhgb;rm sissenatamsalaerog²xøün bnþab;mkelak k¾rbkasebikvkábnþúhbnþal. esam b unfn nig esi sayüana mcämnðléksarkm<úca 3

6 EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt vkábnþúhbnþalrkúmuldæansþigmbikarb 4 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

7 EsVgrkkarBit-sMbuRt ergónrbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyü mcämnðléksarkm<úca 5

8 i EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar kumarcncaticamkñúgrbbexμrrkhm erkamkarrkb;rkgbiqñam Exμr Rkhm)anlubbM)at;TMenomTmøab; RbéBNI nigbgçm[cncati cin/ cam/ evotnam nigcncatiepsgetot efv IkargaresÞ IrKμan eblsrmak ehiyefmtamghamxat;min[ekarbrbnib½tn_ sasnaetot. Cak;Esþg b Urhan CaGtItkumarGIusøammñak;)an erobrab;fa Kat;ekItkñúgRKÜsarksikrmñak; nigcakuntir)ammyy kñ úgcmenambgb ÚnR)aMBIrnak; RbúsR)aMmYynak; nigrsimñak;. enaqñam1974 ExμrRkhmk¾)anykPUmi)aEstCasmrPUmi RbyuT KñaCamYyTahan ln; nl;. edaysaretspabkarn_ RcbUkRcbl;EbbenH b Urhan nigrküsarrtúveposxøünetars; enapuminrayn_vij. enatienah RKÜsarrbs; b Urhan )an CYlpÞHmYysRmab;sRmakeBlyb;. rhutmkdl;qñam1975 kgt½bexμrrkhmk¾)anculmkdl;psarnrayn_ edaydmbug)an efvil CamYyRbCaCn sum,ietkarniyaysþik¾min[b:hbal; dl;rbcacneliy. ry³eblbirbiéf erkaymk ExμrRkhm k¾r)ab;[rbcacntamggs;cakecjbirkúg)at;dmbg erbah GgÁkarRtÚverobcMe)assm atrkúg[s at. b Urhan nig RKÜsark¾)anRtLb;mkrs;enAPUmikMeNItvij. bu:enþ eblmk dl;pumi ExμrRkhmminGnuBaØat[RbCaCneTArs;enApÞHerog² xøünet edaypþhenahtuk[eyafasñak;enavij. cmenkkarrs; enarbs;cncatigiusøammintan;mankarritt,itenaeliyet edayrbcacngacrbnib½tn_sasnaducmundedl. rhutmkdl;qñam1976 sßankarn_mankarerbrbül TaMgRsug edaysarggákar)anhamxat;rbcacnmin[rbtibtþ sasnaducbimun. eblenah CItarbs; b Urhan )anlyc smyuamgenakñúgmug eday[kat;cagñkyamemilpøúverbahxøac QøbExμrRkhmlbemIleXIj. bnþicerkaymk RbFanvr³ eqμah eqam k¾edirmkdl; ehiyk¾syrfa taegðgetana? PøamenaH b Urhan k¾eqøiyfa Kat;edkenAkñúgmug rycehiyk¾efvi sbaøa[citarbs;kat;efvibutcaedklk;. exijduecñh taeqam k¾edirrtlb;etavij. bu rhan nigekμgcaercinenakñúgpumi)anculeron edaymanelakrkú sarun GtItRKÚenAsm½ysaFarNrdæExμr CaGñkbeRgón. enasala b Urhan EtgEtB RKÚGb;rMsisSenA kñúgfñak;[mansilfm xitxmcyyefvikarerscmáar«bukmþay nigrtúvekarbvin½yrbs;ggákar. enaebldl;ema:gecj elgmþg² b Urhan minedl)ansrmaket KWRKÚ[Kat;nig sissenakñúgfñak;edirkab; nigrbmuledimt nþanexrtmkc Ba am efvici. b Urhan eron)anry³eblmyyqñamb:uenñah k¾qb;eron edaysarrkúrbs;kat;)an)at;xøünedaybmudwgbimulehtu. erkaybiqb;eron GgÁkarcat;taMg b Urhan edireris kyrrsuv efv ICI nigrk]s. erogral;éf b Urhan xitxmefv Ikargar edaybmumanh ansrmakeliy cmenkrbbgaharrtúvexμr Rkhmbgç M[Kat;hUbsac;RCÚk. b: uenþetahbicakμangaharhub ya:gnak¾eday k¾ b Urhan minedlhubsac;rcúkedr ehiy Kat;EtgEtlYcykeTAcak;ecal. enakñúgpumi RbsinebIekμg NaEdlmin)aneTAeFVIkar GgÁkarnwgkat;rbbGahar b bg t; GaharEtmþg. edimqñam1978 CardUvTwkeLIgxøaMg ExμrRkhm cat;tamgkumartamggs;[ehlqøgtwketark]smyyéf [)an myydum. edaysar b Urhan rk]smin)an «Bukrbs;Kat; RBÜy)armÖya:gxøaMgeRBaHxøacGgÁkardak;vin½y duecñheqøót eblsrmakhub)ay Kat;)anlYcedIrrk]smkTukenApÞH edim,i[ bu rhan ykrbkl;[ggákar. minyurb:unμan ExμrRkhm)anbMEbk bu rhan BImþayedaypøas;bþÚr[Kat;eTA 6 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

9 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar rs;enapumitabu:nvij. enaéf myy ebl b Urhan ecjetaefvi karenavalers Rsab;EtkumareQμaH TI EdleFVIkarkñúgkgCa myymkpþamkat;fa «ebiggákarehaeqμah summitþcyyeqøiy CMnYspg erbah etaelg«bukmþayenapþh». enaéf bnþab; emkg)anehaeqμahkumartamggs; xn³enah b Urhan k¾eqøiy CMnYseQμaH TI Rsab;EtemkgcMNaMsMeLg ryck¾cab;kat;vay ya:gdmnm ehiyefmtamgecatkat;facaxμamgetotpg. b:uenþ erkaymk edaydwgfa b Urhan minmanbmngkuhkggákar mitþpkþipþamepji etibemkgedahelgvij. enakardæanpumitab:un RbsinebIkumar b GñkeFVIkarenAkñúgNaEdlcg;CYb«Bukmþay b RkúmRKÜsar RtÚvsuMc,ab;GnuBaØatCamunsin. cmenkgñk EdleFVIxusnwgvin½ydUcCa ta ecg CaGñkeLIgetñat RtÚvExμr RkhmykeTAvaysmøab;ecalCamYynwgdMbgb ssienaek,r vtþtabu :netmþg. enaqñam1978 ExμrRkhm)anRbkastamviTüúPñMeBj fa xμamgcitculmkdl;ehiy duecñhbgb ÚnRtÚvCemøóseTAEb:k xaglicenaextþ)at;dmbgvij. eblenah manrbcacnbi RKÜsar EdlrYmTaMgRKÜsarrbs; bu rhan pg k¾)anlycekc etars;enakñúgshkrn_«m:al; sßitenakñúgpumibwgramgedlman taerb CaRbFan. enatienah edaysaremkgcitþl etib RbCaCnTaMgGs;manrbbGaharRKb;RKan; b: uenþetahbicaexij emkgykcitþtukdak;bicivpabrbs;rbcacnya:genhkþi k¾ RKÜsarrbs; b Urhan enaetrbüy)armöbisuvtß ipabpþal;xø ÜnEdr. ry³eblknøhexerkaymk edaysarenashkrn_«m:al; EtgEtmankarRbyuT KñarvagkgT½BevotNam nigkgt½b ExμrRkhm etibrküsarrbs; b Urhan rt;eposxøünetars;ena kenøgfμivij. cmenkrküsarmyy cmnynedlminrbmcakecj RtÚvkgT½BExμrRkhm)aj;smøab;ecalTaMgGs;. erkaybikgt½bevotnamculmkrmedahenaqñam 1979 RKÜsarrbs; b Urhan k¾efvidmenirrtlb;mkrs;ena PUminrayN_vij)anry³eBlmYyqñaM erkaymkrküsarrbs; b Urhan k¾pøas;etaenapumi)aestrhutmk. enakñúgrbbexμr Rkhm b Urhan )at;bg;migbirnak;eqμah m:ariya:n nig TIlμas; EdllYcrt;BIshkrN_mkelgpÞH ehiyrtúvexμrrkhmcab; )an. cmenk«bukmamñak;rtúv ExμrRkhmcab;ykeTAsmøab; edaymindwgbimulehtu. sbvéf bu rhan KWCaTYnenAviharkñúgPUmi)aEst nig mankuncmnynbinak;enakñ úgbnþ úk. bu rhan rmbwgfa tulakarnwgrk yutþifm CUnRbCaCnRKb;Catisasn_Edl)an)at;bg;CIvitnig Tb;sáat;kM u[rbbexarexaenhekiteligmþgetot. qay QunlI dmnwgesvgrkb ÚnRsI nag eqμah edog siupani sbvéf enhrs;enapþhelx20ga pøúvelx336 RkumTI52 PUmiTI7 sgáat;valvg; xnð7mkra RkúgPMñeBj. «Bukrbs; eqμah edog sam nigmþay eqμah m:ay kan nigmanbgb ÚncMnYn7nak; 1 / 2 b ÚnRbús edog supat/ 3 b ÚnRbús edog samc nþavuf/ 4 b ÚnRbús edog tar:a/ 5 b ÚnRbús edog smsupn/ 6 b ÚnRsI edog supl eha em:a nig 7 b ÚnRsIeBA edog vnñari. nag sumrbkasesvgrkb ÚnRsIeQμaH edog supl eha em:a Edl )anebkkñaenaqñam1978 enaextþ)at;dmbg. muneblebkkña supl eha em:a )anmkelgpþhedl sñak;enashkrn_extþ )at;dmbg «PUmitaKg; RsukPMñRsuk» )anry³eblmyyyb;etibrtlb;etakgcl½tbnþayrmeck «kgcl½tkumarqanmux» vij. cat;tamgeblenahmk minedl)anttyldmnwgbib ÚnRsIeQμaH supl eha em:a eliy. RbsinebIbgb ÚnNasÁal;eQμaH edog supl eha em:a xagelienh sumtmnak;tmngmkturs½bþelx b b k¾tak;tgmkmcämnðléksarkm<úca tamtursbþelx sumgrkun. mcämnðléksarkm<úca 7

10 Cab;KukedaysarbdiesFnwgGgÁkar Xun saemon Gayu48qñaM manrsukkmenitenapumiebaf RBHsgÇ XMutaePm RsukRtaM kk; extþtaekv )anerobrab;fa³ enaqñam1970 ExμrRkhm)anvaycUldl;PUmieBaF RBHsgÇ ehiycemøósrbcacnecjbipumiedim,i[etaefvikartamtmbn; epsg² cmenkérkúmrküsarrbs; minrtúv)anexμrrkhm Cemøós[eTAeFVIkarenAkEnøgepSgeLIy KWGgÁkar)anbBa a[ enaefvikarkñúgpumiebaf RBHsgÇdEdl. enakñúgpumi GgÁkar)an cat;tamgeqμah Kuc [efvicarbfanpumi ehiybnþab;mkkat;k¾ )anrbmulrtbüsm,tþi pþhsem,g RsUv Ggárrbs;RbCaCn efvicarbs;rym. enaebldwgerogenh BUrbs; xwgy:agxøamg b: uenþkat;mingactva:)anetedaysar Kuc manzan³fm. éf myy ebledl Kuc kmbugetbnül;tayayrbs; emon GMBImUlehtu EdlKat;RbmUlykRTBüsm,tþi nigrbs;rbretaefvicarbs; rym Rsab;EtBUrbs;Kat;)anlYcvay Kuc BIeRkayxñg. erog enh)anefvi[ Kuc xwgcaxøamg ehiy)anbba a[qøbmkcab;ta nigburbs; yketadak;kukenaxaglicvtþkñúgpumiedayecatfa rymkmnitk,t;. sbvéf enh Kuc kmbugrs;enashrdægaemrik. enaéf TI1 Exmifuna qñam1975 GgÁkarcat;taMg [eta efv IkarenAGgÁetñat edayrtúvebkecjbi«bukmþay ehiyetah bicamankarnwkrb kya:gnak¾edayk¾ minh anrbekknwg bba aenhedr. ebletadl;ggáetñat GgÁkar)an[ culefvi CakgT½B nigculrbyut enasmrpumiduccaburs²edr. ena qñam1975 GgÁkar)andk etaefv IkarenAPñ Mdinvij edayman eqμah xun RbFanRKb;RKgT½B/ Nan GnuRbFan nig enon RbFankgry. enatienah Nan )ancat;tamgburs12nak; nignari12nak;edlkñúg enahmaneqμah Edr etakarbarxøamg GMbilenAtameCIgPñ MedayelIkeLIgfa kgt½bevotnam]ssah_ culmklycrbs;rbrnas;. enaeblyb;éf myykgt½bevot Nam)an)aj;RKab;epøagFøak;enAEk,reCIgPñMbNþal[mnusS søab;kñúgmyyyb;rbmanbi2eta3nak;. enakñúgqñamdedl EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar GgÁkar)andk [etaefvikarenaxagepñkesdækic enaersrenag vij edayrtúvsmøab;ekakñ úgmyyéf 25k,al. ral;éf etahbi mincg;smøab;stvk¾eday k¾ minh anrbekknwgbba arbs; GgÁkarEdr erbahxøacggákaryketasmøab;ecal ehiymü:ag etot )armöxøacexμrrkhmefvi)ab«bukmþayedlrs;enarsuk kmenitéenah. enaersrenag xun CaRbFanRKb;RKgdEdl ehiy sarun Ca GnuRbFan. rhutdl;qñam1976 GgÁkar)anpøas; [etaefvikar enaersgmbil EdlenATIenaHGgÁkar)ancat;taMg[ mkefvi CaRKÚbgðat;T½BEdlsßitenAkñúgpSartaEkveTot. bgðat;t½b )anbirs)þah_ GgÁkark¾dk[eTAErkGMbil bukggáb;bgðab;dikug ERsGMbil ehiykñúgmyyéf GgÁkarGnuBaØat[ Qb;sRmak EtbIem:agb:ueNÑaH. RtÚveFVIkarTaMgyb;TaMgéf enatienah)an ry³eblmyyqñam GgÁkark¾pøas;Kat;[eFVICaT½BkarBarenAeqñr smurtcamyynwgrbfaneqμah xun nigkgt½bcaercinetot erbahkgt½byyn]ssah_cullycgmbilenaxøamg. enaebl Edl nigt½btamggs;sñak;enatienah)anmyyry³ b:uenþbmu exijmankgt½bevotnamculmk eblenahrbfan)an RtLb;mkErkGMbilnigbgðab;vij. erkaymk GgÁkar)an [ etasg;xøamgcamyyburs²tuksrmab;dak;gmbil ehiybnþab; BIemCagenATIenaHsøab; k¾bþúretaefvikarxagkab;søwketñat Xun saemon 8 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

11 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkÉksar edim,ituksrmab;rbk;xøamggmbilvij. éf myyebledl kmbugeteligedimetñat Rsab;EteXIjstVtukEkmYyTMCab;nwg FagsøwketñatbNþal[ P½yy:agxøaMg k¾rbutédføak;bieli edimetñatbnþal[snøb;. exijehtukarn_duecñh GñkeFVI karkñúgkgcamyyk¾)anetaraykarn_r)ab;ggákaredim,ibba Ún etabüa)alenamnþirebtü. erkaybi)ancashes,iy GgÁkar)anR)ab; fa «emon mincam)ac;etakab;søwketñatetotet ehiy\lúvggákartrmúv [mitþefvikarcamyyrbfankgryeqμah enon vij». )an yl;rbm ehiyetaefvikar[ enon edayrkan;etebiklancun Kat;eTAPñMeBj nigkmbg;esamb:uenñah KWBMumaneFVIkarGVIeTot et. ebiklan)anry³eblr)amex rhutdl;cugqñam1976 kgvr³rbs; enon efvigmbil)anplercincagkgvr³détetot eblenahggákark¾erciserisykkgvr³rbs; enon [eta efv IkarenAeBaF sat; ehiy k¾)anpøas;etaenacamyykat;edr. etadl;extþebaf sat;dmbug enon )ancat;tamg[ emilkar xusrtúvxagkmøamgkgcl½tenapumiesnc½ycamyyrbfanpumi eqμah Ca. b:uenþminyurb:unμan GgÁkar)anpøas; [etaelik TMnb;enAkarrdæanCamYyeQμaH Nan nig eron EdlCa GnuRbFanvij. enaqñam1978 enakardæaneliktmnb; GgÁkark¾)anerob cm [erobkarcamyyeqμah XI b:uenþ RbEkk. erkaymk GgÁkar)anbgçM CaelIkTIBIrnigCabnþbnÞab;CamYyeQμaH xn/ v:an;/ Qav/ hyn/ exμa nig elikti7camyyeqμah Rbúj b:uenþ enaetminyl;rbmdedl erbahkitfa ebledl ykbþi nwgmankun ehiygacttylrgkarlm)ak. elikehtuplfa camykbþienarsukkmenit erbahman«bukmþaycagñkerobcm[ nigmanbgb ÚndwgB pg. edaysarkarbdiesfenh GgÁkar xwgnwg ya:gxøamg rycehiyk¾yk etaksageday[ etaemil kargarers EdleBlenaHTwkTenøeLIgxøaMgbNþal[licRsUv y:agercin. GgÁkar)anecaT fa k,t;nwgbdivtþn_ rycbba Ún etadam«lwkenarduvepøógbnþal[xucxatpldmnamy:agercin etot. erkaymk GgÁkar)anpøas; etaeronedrenapñ MeBj vij. edaysar minføab;erbir)as;ma:si unedrbimun k¾efv I[ )ak;m úlgs;biredim ehiyggákark¾ecat fak,t; ryccab; yk etadak;kukmyyedlsßitenaciteragcrkkat;edr. Cab;XMuXaMgGs;ry³eBl7éf erkaymkk¾b su smelgrferkahnigynþehahrbs;kgt½bevotnamkan;etcit mk². eblenah RbFanRkúmTaMgGs;EdleFV IkarenAeragcRk kat;edr)annamkñart;ecaleragcrkenasl;et nigkunrbs; eqμah b ut b: uenñah. )anniyaykmramkunrbs; b ut fa «mitþ RtÚvykBUefAmkkat;exñaHédrbs;eyIgecj ebiminduecñhet enaebledleyigedahryc eyignwgsmøab;égvij». B Bakü KMramenH kunrbs; b ut PitP½yya:gxøaMgrYck¾rt;eTAykBUefA mkvayexñahrhutrbutecjbiédrbs;. erkaymk )anrt; culkñúgérbk¾cybnwgkgt½bevotnamedlniyaysmlút fa «ebimitþégcaqøbrbs;exμrrkhm BYkeyIgnwgciRBa amsac; rbs;ég[tasiu». B duecñh PitP½yy:agxøaMgehIyk¾lYcrt; etaenaelipñm. erkaybidwgerogenh kgt½bevotnamedj tam)aj; nigtamcab;xøünrtlb;mkvij. erogral;éf min Edlh andam)ayet erbahxøacmanepøignigepsgbnþal[ kgt½bevotnamemilexij. duecñh hubetggárrtamtwk laycamyyemimkþüc Kl;lðúg nigkl;eck. enaqñam1985 k¾sermccitþykrküsareqμah mwug supl edayrbkbmuxrbrciba wmman; TaenAelIPñ M ehiyerkay mk )anculeronebtücamyyggákarkak)atrkhmenacmrm EfmeTot. enaqñam1992 nigrküsar)anrtlb;etars; enarsukkmenitnig)ancybcmucamyy«bukmþayvij. enakñúg rbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü )an)at;bg;bgb ÚnBIrnak; TImYy eqμah xn nigtibireqμah RTI. sbvéf mankunbinak; ehiy EtgEtniyayerOgr:avEdlExμrRkhmR)ab;bgb ÚnBIkarQW cab;edl )anqøgkat; niggmebiexarexaedlexμrrkhmefvimk elirbcacnég. can pløa mcämnðléksarkm<úca 9

12 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav rmb kéf cgcam ³ mnþirbucniydæanvtþs ÜneBRC enaresoléf TI19 Ex]sPa qñam2010 q wgllad¾ k,alnigq wgxøünsaksbedl)ansøab;kñúgry³eblénkarkan; kab;gmnacrbs;rbbkm<úcarbcafibetyübiqñam1975dl; 1979 cmnyn6kba b; )anrtúvdegðyketadak;tmál;enakñúg mnþ IrbUCnIydæand¾fμ IsnøagmYyEdlmanTItaMgsß itenakñ úgbrievn vtþsü nebrcsßitenakñúgxmukenþak RsukGgÁsñÜl extþknþal. EføgkñúgBiFIrMB kkarcgcamenh Ék]tþm syg sit I )anman Rbsasn_BIeKalbMNgénkarsagsg;enHfa KWedIm,ICakar cgcamnuverogr:avd¾curct;edl)anekiteligkñúgrbbkm<úca RbCaFibetyükñúgcenøaHqñaM1975dl;1979 etaelicivit RbCaCnkm<úCarab;lannak;. Ék]tþm)ansgát;F n;fa CIvit RbCaCnEdl)ansøab;edayGMeBIGyutþiFm kñúgrbbexμrrkhm \LÚvenHRBlwgGñkTaMgenaHnwgTTYl)ankarykcitþTukdak; nigeftamy:agkk;ekþabismnak;gñkedlenars;ranmancivit erkayrbbexμrrkhmnigekμg²cmnan;erkayedl)annig kmbugetttylsáal;karbittamgenhtamry³karsiksaenakñúg fñak;eronrbs;xøünsþibi «Rbvtþisa sþkm<úcarbcafibetyü RbCaCnmkBIRKb;XMukñúgRsukGgÁsñÜl» RBmTaMgsisSanusisSmkBIsalamYycMnYnpg)anmkcUlrYm kñúgbifienh nig)andegðgdæifatucnrgerkahkñúgrbbexμrrkhm yketadak;tmál;enakñúgbucniydæanfμiedlmansnæanduckña nwgmnþirbucniydæanenavalbixatecigék edaymankar erobcmy:agrtwmrtúvnigl \tex ahtamebbbtrbébni nig TMenomTmøab;Exμr. ksisnsaksiedlmingacrbekk)anenh )ancyybenßmel,ónkñúgkarkat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhm cmnynbynrub[kan;etmanpabrlunnigqab;rh½s. vtþman enakñúg»kasenhedr elak qamg yu naykmcämnðl Éksarkm<úCa nigelak egnrdú xayli shrbhracgacja GnþrCatiénGgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØenAkñúgtulakarkm<úCa)an GeBa IjCaePJóvkitþiysenAkñúgBIFIrMB kkarcgcamenhnig)an GuCFUbbYgsYgdl;viBaØaNkçn CnrgeRKaHEdl)ansøab;eday GMeBIGyutþiFm [)andl;suktipbnigttyl)anpabyutþifm tamry³karxitxmrbwgerbgtamgpøúvtulakar nigrbvtþisa sþ. RbCaCnExμrRKb;rUbBitCaminGacbMePøc)aneLIynUvRBwtþ ikarn_ d¾curct;edlxøün)ancybrbthenakñúgrbbexμrrkhm ehiy RBwtþikarN_TaMgenH)ankøayCaRBwtþikarN_Rbvtþisa sþsrmab; RbeTskm<úCaEdlyuvCnyuvtICMnan;eRkayEdlBMuFøab;qøg kat;rbbexμrrkhmrtúvetsiksaesvgyl;[)ansiucerma edim,icacmenhdwggmbirbvtþisa sþnigerogr:avbitedl)an ekiteligeli«bukmþay CIdUnCIta nigsac;jatirbs;xøünkalbi rbbexμrrkhm. xagerkamenhcaerogr:avrbvtþisa sþmyy Edl)anekIteLIgenAkñúgbrievNvtþsÜ nebrckalbigmlúgqñam 1976dl;1979 ³ enaqñam1976 ExμrRkhm)anbegáItmnÞIrsnþisuxRbcaM RsukGgÁsñÜlmYykEnøgenAkñúgbrievNvtþs ÜneBRC Edlman smmitþ Dn CaRbFan nig smmitþ Gwm CaGnuRbFanmnÞIr snþisux. kudinigsalaeronrtúvkgqøbexμrrkhmerbir)as; efvicakenøgxmuxamggñketasnigkenøgsñak;enarbs;kmμapi)al efvikarenakñúgmnþir. cmenkrbhviharkwcaerag)ay ehiy brievncmuvijvtþkwcakenøgkb;saksbgñketas. BiFIdEgðrGdæ ifatucnrgerkah enavtþs ÜneBRC 10 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

13 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav GñkeTasEdlCab;enAvtþs ÜneBRCKWCaRbCaCnEdl ExμrRkhmcab;mkBIXMunanaTUTaMgRsukGgÁsÜñlbUkrYmTaMgCn Caticinnigcampg. kñúgcmenamgñketastamggs; manet RbCaCnCemøósb:ueNÑaHEdlRtÚvecaTRbkan;faCaExμrs Pñak;garkaehSeb esgiuga nigm nþirdækaredlcab;ninñakar neya)aybisgámcas;. cmenkgñketascarbcacnmuldæan vijrtúv)anecatrbkan;bibtminekarbggákarvin½yb bermi bdivtþn_min)anl. Kwm Es rs;enapumis ÜneBC XuMkenÞak RsukGgÁsñÜl )anniyayr)ab;fa RkúmkgP Ürrbs;Kat;Edl mansmacik30nak;rtúvkgsnþisuxcab;xøünmkdak;xmuxamg TaMgGs; edayrkan;eteris)anetñattmumyyykmkeckkñahub b:uenñah. GñkeTasTaMgGs;)anTTYlrbbGaharRbcaMéf tictycbmput. Es niyayfa eblkmbugefvikargñketasxøh )anlyckþicrtüyesμax I²EdlduHtamPøWERsykmkhUbnigGñk etasxøh)ansøab;enakenøgefvikaretmþgedaysaretkμan kmøamgkmehg. Es )anelik]tahrn_r)ab;fa GñkeTasmñak; )ansøab;kñúgeblkmbugcba ÚnkMe)øakBIkñúgTwkmkdak;elIeKak. erkabisøab;edaysarefvikarhyskmøamgniggt;gahar man GñkeTasPaKeRcIneTot)ansøab;edaysarkareFVITaruNkmμ nigsyrcemøiyenaelirbhvíharvtþsü nebrctamvificgecigbüür Cab;nwgExSr:tEdlP ab;bielid bulrbhvíhar ehiytajelig etaeli ryctmøak;mkerkamvij. enacugqñam1978 GñkeTasPaKeRcInenAkñ úgmnþ Irsnþ isux vtþs ÜneBRCRtÚvkgsnþisuxnaMykeTAsmøab;ecalenACu víj elak egnrdú exli GuCFUb]TÞ isdl;cnrgerkah brievnvtþ RsHTwkxagmuxRBHvíhar nigenaxaglicsalaeron. enakñúgqñamdedlenhedr GñkeTasxøH)anlYcrt;rYcBImnÞIr XMuXaMg nigxøhetotrtúvkgsnþisuxcab;ykmkvij. enaerkayqñam1979 mnþirsnþisuxvtþs ÜneBRC)an bnsl;tuk]bkrn_srmab;efvitarunkmμya:gercinnigman sñamqamrblak;ditdamebjenaelicba amgrbhvihar. enaqñam1982 ]bkrn_edlenaesssl;tamgb:unμanrtúv)an dwkcba Únmkkan;TIRkugPñ MeBj ehiyrenþamyycmnynrtúvrbcacn Kas;eLIgedIm,IykGdæiFatumkdak;tmál;enAkñúgbrievNvtþ sü nebrc. renþatamgenahmantamgtucedlgackb;saksb )anbimñak;b BIrnak;nigreNþAFMEdlmanTMhMcab;BI5Em:RtbYn RCúg nigcermabi1/50 Em:Rtb 2Em:Rt EdlGacdak; saksb)anbi150nak;eta200nak; b BI300nak;eTA 500nak;. rhutmkdl;bc úb,nñenh BMumanbnSl;Tuksøak sñamrenþaedl)anciktamgenaheliy. GKarcas;RTúDeRTammYykEnøgsßitenAEb:kxaglic eqogxagt,úgrbhviharvtþsü nebrcrtúv)anerbir)as;efvica kenøgtmál;q wgsaksberkaybikarkas;ecjbirenþacmnyn Cagdb;enACMuvijbrievNvtþ. CaeRcInqñaMeRkaymk GKard¾ cmnas;myyenh)an)ak;rsútesþirtamgrsug. GdæiFatuEdl dak;tmál;enakñúggkarenh)anrtúvrbhsgç KN³kmμkarvtþ nigbut bris½tcmnuhecigvtþcba ÚnecjykeTAdak;tmál;Ca benþahgasnñenakñúgsalaqan;navtþdedlenh. kñúgry³ kalenh RBHsgÇ KN³kmμkarvtþ nigbut bris½tcmnuhecigvtþ RBmTaMgsb,úrsCnnanaCaeRcIn)anpþÜcepþImKMnitksagmnÞIr bucniydæanfμimyyeday)anefvikarérggáasfvikatamry³ karefvibunüpáasamkáicmnynbirdg nig)ansmnumbrdl;fñak; dwknamrsuknwgextþ[cyyercamercgkñúgkarksagenh. ena Bak;kNþalEx]sPa qñam2010 mnþirbucniydæanenh)an ksagrycral;casßabrnig)anrbkascasafarn³enaresol éf TI19 Ex]sPa facamnþirbucniydæanrbs;catisrmab;kar cgcam. epg BgSr:asuI mcämnðléksarkm<úca 11

14 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav karcybrbcmucamyygñkpumi ³ kmμapi)alexμrrkhm fñak;erkam)ankat;bnßypabp½yxøac XMuRkaMglav sßitenakñúgrsukrlaeb ór extþkmbg;qñamg Føab;CakEnøgEdlmankarbHe)arRbqaMgnwgGaNaniKm)araMg enagmlúgtsvtsr_20. kenøgenhrtúv)anpøas;eqμahetaca PUmitircäanvijbnÞab;BIRbCaCnbHe)arRbqaMgnwgkareFVI)ab rbs;gananikm)aramgniggacjafrkñ úgrsúk. enakñ úgehtukarn_ enah er:siudg;)aramgeqμah )aeds/ GñkyameQμaH syn/ nig cugepamñak;rtúv)ansmøab; enacitvtþrkamglav. enaedim TsvtSr_70 ebledlsemþcneratþm sihnu RtÚv)an benþajecjbigmnac XMuenH)ankøayeTACatMbn;rMedaHrbs; ExμrRkhmEdlmanRbCaCnCaeRcIncUlrYmeFVIbdivtþn_ ehiy erkaymkgñktamgenahkøaycakmμapi)alexμrrkhm. BIéf TI10 ExmIna qñam2010 RkúmkargarénKeRmag Éksarrs;rbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa)aneTAXMuRkaMglav edim,ibba amgexspabynþéksarexμrrkhm nigceckbipaksa CamYyGñkPUmi. ekalbmngénkarcak;bba amgexspabynþ nigcybbipaksa KWedIm,Ipþl;dMNwgdl;GñkPUmiGMBIdMeNIrvivtþ rbs;tulakarexμrrkhmedlmaneqμahcapøúvkarfa GgÁCMnMu CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa nigedim,ibgðajbisarsmxan; énsmnmuerog002edlmancab;bak;b½n nwgemdwknamcan;x<s; ExμrRkhmEdlenArs;bYnrUb ³ exov smpn/ nyn Ca/ egog sari nig egog FIriT. evtikabipaksapumi enaéf TI11ExmIna evlam:ag8 edaymankarculrym rbs;gñkpumirbman150nak; Rkúmkargar)ancab;epþ ImkmμviFI edaykarennam[sáal;gmbimcämnðléksarkm<úca nig KeRmagÉksarrs;rbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa RBmTaMg bukálikmcämnðléksarkm<úcarbcmucamyygñkpumi enaxm urkamglav 12 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

15 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav ekalbmngénkaretadl;pumienah. bnþab;mk siuri savina EdlCaRbFanKeRmag)anbgðajBIrcnasm<½n rbs;tulakar nigdmenirkarmkdl;eblbc úb,nñdl;gñkpumi. bnþab;mk savina )ancrmabgñkpumigmbismnmuerog002 Edlman Cab;Bak;B½n nwgcnrtúvecat4rub bc úb,nñkmbugsßitenakñúgkar XMuxøÜnbeNþaHGasnñ. savina )ansyretagñkpumifaetiføab; )andwgb b k¾sáal;emdwknamcan;x<s;exμrrkhmtamgenahedrb et. GñkPUmi)anRKvIk,al b:uenþsemþgtwkmuxcg;dwgbirbvtiþrbs;cn RtÚvecaT. bnþab;mk savina )anbgðajbiesovepaennam GMBIsMNMuerOg002 rbs;mcämnðléksarkm< úcaedlman bgðajbirubftrbs;emdwknamcan;x<s;exμrrkhmtamgbynena tulakar nigrubpabénp½sþ útagedlbgðajbitmnak;tmngrbs;cn TaMgbYnrUbnwg]RkidækmμEdlGñkTaMgenaH)anRbRBwtþenAkñúgrbb enahefmetot. bnþab;bibgðajrubftemdwknamtamgbyn savina )anbgðaj BIesckþIsegçbénRbvtþirbs;GñkTaMgenaH nigbt]rkidæedl shrbhracgacjarbs;ggácmnmucrmh)anecatrbkan;gñktamg enahpgedredlrymman]rkidækmμgnþrcati ]RkidækmμRbl½y BUCsasn_/ ]RkidækmμRbqaMgmnusSCati/ ]Rkidækmμs gáam nig ]RkidækmμkñúgRsúk karefvitarunkmμ karsmøab; nigkarefvi Tukçbukemñj. bnþab;mk Rkúmkargar)aneFVIesckþIsnñidæan etaelibtbgðajedaybipaksagmbipabsμúksμajéndmenirkar rbs;ggácmnmucrmh nigmulehtuedlrtúvcmnayeblyur edim,idmenirkar. Rkúmkargar)anbgðajnUvral;dMeNIrkar nitivifiedlggácmnmucrmhrtúvefivmunnwgefvikarkat;kþicnrtúvecat nimyy². btbgðaj)anbba b;edaymankarbnül;gmbimefüa )ayepsgkñaedim,iculrymkñúgdmenirkarrbs;tulakar EdlrYm mankarbmebjebbbtsmuefvicaedimbnþwgrdæb,evni b Gñkbþwg nigmefüa)ayedim,iculrymsþab;svnakartamry³mcämnðl Éksarkm<úCa b etaggácmnmucrmhedaypþal;. GñkPUmi)anbgðajBIkareBjcitþnwgbTbgðaj. GñkPUmi xøh)anbeba jeyabl;rbs;xøün nigsyrsmnyrxøimyycmnyneta kan;rkúmkargar. smnyrrbs;gñkpumimanducca³ ehtugvi)an CaRtÚvcMNayeBjyUredIm,Ikat;eTasCnRtÚvecaT? eti GñkPUmisYrsMNYreTAkan;buKÁlikmCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa mcämnðléksarkm<úca 13

16 kmμapi)alfñak;tabrtúvttylxusrtúvcmebah]rkidækmμedlek )anrbrbwtþenakñúgrbbexμrrkhmedrb et? etinwgmansmng GVIdl;CnrgeRKaHbnÞab;BIkarkat;eTas? eti GaccUlrYmkñúg svnakar)anedrb etenaebledlkarkat;etascab;epþim? bnþab;birkúmkargar)aneqøiynwgsmnyrrbs;gñkpumi Gñk PUmi)ancab;GarmμN_cg;cUlrYmsvnakarenAGgÁCM MnM ucrmh ehiy bnþab;mkcuheqμahedim,imkefivtssnkic enaggácmnmucrmhtam ry³mcämnðléksarkm<úca. mangñkpumimñak;)anmk CYbRkúmkargaredIm,IR)ab;BIsmaCikRKÜsarEdl)an)at;xøÜn ehiy)anesñi[rkúmkargareyigcyyrbkasrkdmnwgenahena kñúgtssnavdþiesvgrkkarbitpg. edaysaretrkúmkargar)annamykesovepaennam GMBIsMNMuerOg002eTAPUmiticeBk edaysaretpabywt y:avkñúgkare)ahbum< manetsalaxmu nigempumib:uenñahedl TTYl)anesovePAenaHsRmab;dak;[GñkPUmiGan. GñkPUmimYy cmnyn)anbgðajbicmnab;garmμn_rbs;xø ÜncMeBaHesovePAENnaM ehiy)anesñi[rkúmkargareckesovepaenhdl;gñkpumi[ )anrkb;²kñaenaeblerkay. etahbicaminmanesoveparkb; RKan;k¾eday k¾rkúmkargar)anecktssnavdþiesvgrkkarbit nigesovepaennamgmbiggácmnumcrmhedlmancmngecigfa kar ENnaMbMPøWGMBIkarCMnMuCRmHkþIemdwknaMExμrRkhmdl;GñkPUmiRKb; rubpgedr. karbgðajexspabynþ bnþab;bikarcybrbcmuenaeblrbwk GñkPUmi)anbMEbkKña edim,ietattyltangaharéf Rtg;nig srmakebléf EdleFVI [Rkúmkargarman»kassRmab;erobcMkarbgðajExSPaBynþ enaebll ac. Rkúmkargar)aneRCIserIsExSPaBynþGMBI KukExμrRkhmEdlehAfa s-21 bc úb,nñrtúv)ansáal;ca sarmnþirtylesøg Edl)anerobrab;BIbTBiesaFn_rbs;Gñk etasedlenars;bikukenah nigsvnakarenaggácmnmucrmh edayman exov smpn eligniyaybdiesfminttylxusrtúv cmebah]rkidækmμedlxøün)anrbrbwtþenakñúgrbbexμrrkhm. EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav GñkPUmimanRbtikmμcMeBaHBaküsmþ Irbs; exov smpn Ca xøamg. sþ Imñak;)anniyayGMBIkarbdiesFminTTYlxusRtÚvrbs; exov smpn faenahkwcabaküedahsaedim,imincg;ttylxusrtúv. Kat;)anniyayfa exov smpn KWCaemdwknaMmñak;kñúgcMeNam emdwknamcan;x<s;enakñúgrbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü ehiykwca KN³RbFanrdæeTotpg. Kat;mineCOfa exov smpn minman GMNac ehiymindwgbiekalneya)aykm<úcarbcafibetyü b EpnkarsRmab;kmμaPi)alfñak;eRkameT. GñkPUmimñak;eTot Edlyl;RsbnwgKMnitrbs; sþ Imñak;enH)anbEnßmfa minrtwmet exov smpn etedlrtúvykmkkat;etas emdwknamdétetotkyr EtTTYlkarkat;eTasEdrcMeBaHGIVEdlxøÜn)anRbRBwtþenAkñúg rbbexμrrkhm. BaküsmþITaMgenHeFVI[eyIgGaceFIVesckþI snñidæancmebahkarbgðajexspabynþenaebll acedlqøúh bba amgbigarmμn_rbs;rbcacncmebahemdwknamexμrrkhm. kargegátrbs;rkúmkargar nigbtsmöasn_camyygñkpumi enaedimtsvtsr_70 emxmurkamglav nigemxmuenacab; enahrtúv)ankgt½bexμrrkhmgmbavnav[etarbyut RbqaMgnwg rdæapi)al ln; nl; nigbnþab;mkvayyk)antmbn;rmedah. GñkPUmiCaeRcInRtÚv)aneRCIstaMg[cUlbeRmIkgT½B nigbba Ún etavaytahan ln; nl;. eyagetatam sm eqam Gayu73 Edlrs;enAkñúgRsúkenHenAmunqñaM1975)an[dwgfa GñkPUmi CaeRcInEdlmkBIXMuRkaMgsaEGr EdlKat;rs;enA nigxmuena CitenH RtÚv)anTahan ln; nl; KMramkMEhg edaysaret GñkTaMgenaHKaMRTsemþcneratþm sihnu. eqam ecocak;fa karkmramkmehgrbs;tahan ln; nl; niggacjafr)anefvigñk PUmirt;cUléRBedIm,IcUlrYmCamYyExμrRkhm. CagenHeTA etot karkabsgát;epñkneya)ayminrtwmetefvi[rbcacn rs;enakñúgpumiedl eqam rs;enakalbiedimtsvtsr_70 rt;culérbb:uenñahet EfmTaMgeFVI[RbCaCnenAkñúgXMuepSg etotducca RkaMglav BüayamdeNþImykesrIPaB nigkar CYbCMuRKÜsarsac;jatiEfmeTot. xn³eblgñkpumixøh)anculbermikgt½b nigefvis gáam 14 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

17 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav CamYyrdæaPi)al ln; nl; GñkPUmidéTeTotEdlenAkñ úgpumirtúv )anggákarerobcm[efvikarenakñúgkg nigrs;enacashkmn_. CaTUeTA GñkPUmiPaKeRcInRtÚv)ancat;TukfaCaExμrRkhm ehiyrtúvggákarecocak;. KIm yu:t mkbipumiersval XMu RkaMglav)anniyayfa RbCaCnxøHEdl)ancUlrYmCamYy ExμrRkhmKWedIm,IrMedaHRbeTsBIBYkcRkBtþiniym riérbcacn xøhetotculrymcamyyexμrrkhmkwedaysaretkμancermis. etahbicagñkpumi)anculrymcamyyexμrrkhm edayehtupl epsgkñak¾eday b: uenþgñkpumicaercinrtúv)anexμrrkhmetgtamg [manzan³edr. KIm y:ut RtÚv)ancat;taMg[eFVICaGñkyam PUmienAGMLúgeBlEdlExμrRkhmkMBugvayCamYy ln; nl;. enacenøahqñam Kat;RtÚv)ancat;taMg[eFVICa RbFaneyaFa ehiymantynaticab;gñkedlrbrbwtþkmhus RbqaMgnwgGgÁkar. eqam nig y:ut KWCaGtItkmμaPi)alExμrRkhm. eyagetatamgñkpumimyycmnyn)an[dwgfa GñkTaMgBImantYnaTI x<s;enakñúgrbbexμrrkhm b:uenþgñktamgbirbdiesfminttyl sáal;eliy. enaeblrkúmkargarefivbtsmöasn_camyygñk BYkKat; GñkTaMgBIr)anbgðajBIkarRBÜy)armÖfaGacnwgkøay ekaledasrmab;karkat;etasenaggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúg GñkPUmiTsSnaExSPaBynþÉksarerOg enaerkaycba amgs-21 tulakarkm<úca. GñkTaMgBIr)anriHKn;tulakareday)anelIk eligbibbaðatamgbi30qñammunedlgñkpumittyl)ankarpshpsa nigkaryl;citþkña RBmTaMgrs;enACamYyKñarYceTAehIy. dmbug GñkTaMgBIrKitfavamankarlM)akxøHkñúgkarTTYlsÁal;karBit. GñkTaMgBIrk¾yl;RsbfavamansarsMxan;sRmab;buKÁlnig sgámedlfatulakarbgðajbiednkmnt;rbs;xøün. GñkTaMgBIr k¾)anpþl;gnusasn_fa karbipaksatampumiebbenhkyretbegá It elig CaBiessenAtamPUmiEdlKat;rs;enA edim,ibegáitkar yl;dwgrvagsmacikrbs;shkmn_nigkat;bnßykarrbüy )armöbierbahsmacikxøhføab;caexμrrkhmedr. CasrubesckþI karbipaksanigkarbba amgexspabynþ )anpþl;karyl;dwgcaercindl;gñkpumirkamglavcmebahggácmnmu CRmH. smnyrrbs;smacikrkúmrbwksaxmuedl)anculrym BiPakSaTak;TgfaetInwgRtÚvkat;eTasGñkNa )anbgðajbi cmnucsmxan;tak;tgnwgsßanpabenakñúgxmu. karbnül;bgðajbi dmenirkarnitivifirbs;ggácmnmucrmhedim,inamykemdwknamcan; x<s;exμrrkhmetakat;etasmansarsmxan;srmab;kat;bnßy PaBP½yxøacrbs;kmμaPi)alfñak;eRkam nigsþareligvijnuv TMnak;TMngrvagGtItCnéddl; nigcnrgerkahénrbbexμr Rkhm. karbipaksatampumi)anbgðajy:agc,as;favaman sarsmxan;kñúgkarefvi[rbcacnenatam muldæanyl;dwgbidmenirkarnitivifiénkar kat;esckþiedim,ikat;bnßykarrbüy)armö fa xøünnwgrtúvrbqmmuxnwgkarkat;etas xn³ebledltulakarkmbugetdmenir kar. vak¾gacpþl;cadmnwgdl;gñkedl Føab;beRmIExμrRkhm b manbak;b½n eday pþal;camyy]rkidækmμedlxøünrbrbwtþ kmu[mankarp½yxøacmincg;shkar CamYytulakarnigR)ab;BIkarBitpg Edr. siuri savina mcämnðléksarkm<úca 15

18 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav KukRtaceRkalrbs;ExμrRkhm CamYynwgdMeNIrkarvivtþfμ I²rbs;GgÁCMnM ucrmhvisambaø kñúgtulakarkm<úca b tulakarexμrrkhm. KukExμrRkhmmYy kenøgetotrtúv)anrkexijenakñ úgpumirbhmø Úr XMubwgxñar Rsuk )akan extþebaf sat;. KukenHmaneQμaHfa KukRtaceRkal. «enamunrbbexμrrkhmkan;kab;gmnactamgrsug» Rtac erkalkwcadiérbkμanmnussrs;ena. enaqñam1977 TIenHRtÚv kmμapi)alexμrrkhmerciserisefvicamnþirxmuxamggñketas EdlCab;ninñakarneya)ayBIsgÁmcas; RbCaCnCemøósnig RbCaCnmUldæanEdlmankMhus bnþicbnþücrbqamgnwgggákar. xn KWCaRbFanmnÞIrsnþisuxEdl)anRKb;RKgmnÞIrenHtaMg BIdMbUgmk ehiyenaebledl xn RtÚvGgÁkarpøas;ecjeTAeFVI karenakenøgepsg DI )anculmkcmnystmengenhrhutdl; qñam1979. GñkeTasPaKeRcInEdlCab;enAkñúgKukenH KWCa GñkeTasEdlkgsnþisuxbBa ÚnmkBI «mnþirefáal EdlsßitenA» minq ayb:unμanbikukrtacerkal. Ca Kn Gayu50qñaM Ca RbCaCnrs;enAPUmiRBHmøÚ XMubwgxñar )anr)ab;fa Kat;KWCaGtIt GñkeTasenA mnþirefáal EdlRtÚvkgsnþisuxbBa Únbnþmdak; enamnþirsnþisuxrtacerkal munebledlkmμapi)alexμr RkhmrMlay mnþirefáal ecal. mulehtuedlnam[ Kn nigrkúmrküsartamggs;rbs;kat;manmþayeqμah b:ul ehom nigb ÚnRsIBIrnak;eTot Ca KI nig Ca Ka Cab;kñúgmnÞIrXMuXaMg KWedaysarBYkKat;man«BukCam nþirbs;rbb ln; nl;. Kn niyayduecñahfa «BYk RtÚvkgQøbcab;xøÜnTaMgRKÜsarmk dak;enamnþirefáal bnþab;bi«bukrbs; RtÚvkgQøbcab;xøÜn myys)þah_ edayecatrbkan;kat;fa CaGñkman\T ibl ninñakar Tahan.» enaedimqñam1977 GñkeTasRbePTRsalTaMgGs;Edl Cab;enAkñ úg mnþ IrefÁal RtÚvkmμaPi)alRKb;RKgmnÞ IrenaHbBa Ún mkdak;xmuxamgbnþena KukRtaceRkal. Kn )anniyay R)ab;fa mangñketasrab;rynak;)ancakecjbimnþirefáal edayefμirecigeq<ahmkkan; «KukRtaceRkal. dmbugeliy Kn» niggñketaséetotkitfa BYkKat;nwgmanesrIPaBbnÞab;BI)an mkrs;ena RtaceRkal.b:uEnþGVI²mindUckarKiteLIy.Kn )anrkelkexijeragfm²evg²cmnynbirenakñúgbrievn Rtac «erkal nig erkabienhbmumangvietoteliy. Kn )anbba ak;» R)ab;fa tambiteragfm²tamgbirenh KWCamnÞ IrXM uxmaggñketas «RbePTF n;edlexμrrkhmcab;mkbikenøgepsg²kñúgrsuk )akan. cmenkgñketasrsalduc Kn niggñkéetotkwbmuman eragsrmab;sñak;enaeliy. vg; v:n Gayu64qñaM rs;ena PUmiRBHmøÚ XMubwgxñar Rsuk)akan k¾cagtitgñketasrbeptf n; mñak;edlcab;xmuxamgenakñúgeragcamyygñketasrab;rynak; epsgetotedr. etaskmhusrbs;kat;rtúv)anecatrbkan;fa )anlyclak;rsúvrbs;ggákar. cmenk G Uk smy:ul CaRkúm RbwkSaXMubwgxñarnaeBlbc úb,nñenh k¾cagtitgñketasedl ExμrRkhmecaTRbkan;fa)anlYclak;RsÚvrbs;GgÁkarEdr. riégñketascarbeptrbcacncemøósmkbitirkúgpñmebj nig extþmyycmnynetot sut EtRtÚvTTYlkarecaTRbkan;BIeTaskMhus epsg²kña. smy:ul/ v:n/ Kn nigrbcacnkñúgpumicaercinnak; etot min)anniyaybietaskmhusrbs;gñktamgenaheliy b: uenþkat;)ansnñ idæanduckñafa RbCaCnCemøósTaMgenaHmanCab; ninñakarneya)aybisgámnigcagñkedlggákarminebjcitþ. GñkeTasRbePTF n; nigrsalrab;ban;nak;rtúv)an smøab; nigsøab;cabnþbnþab;edaysargt;gaharbriepak nig KμanfñaMsgáÚvsRmab;Büa)alCMgW. saksbtamggs;rtúvkg snþisuxnamyketakb;ecalenakñúgrenþarab;rysßitenaeb:k xagerkaybrievnkukrbehl200em:rt. sß itkñ úgsemøókbmbak;cagñkerscmáarmñak;v:n)anggá úy 16 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

19 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav elierkb ssitucmyypþl;btsmöasn_y:agek,ahk,aybirbvtþi rbs;kat;tamgbimintan;køayxüøncagñketasrbs;ggákarrhut dl;eblbc úb,nñenhr)ab;rkúmkargarrbs;mcämnðléksar km<úca. v:n RtÚv)anExμrRkhmCemøós[mkrs;enAkñúgPUmiGUr RBal XMuemTwk Rsuk)akan extþebaf sat; enaqñam1973 Ca myygñkpumirbhmøúrtamggs; edaymulehtuxøacerkgrbcacn kñúgpumirt;etacuhculcamyytahan ln; nl;. etadl;pumigur RBalPøam ExμrRkhm)ancat;taMg v:n [efivcarbfanrkúmbgá begáinpl edaymantynatibinitü nigdwknamkarbgábegáinpl RsUv. bnþab;biexμrrkhmttyl)anc½ycmñhtamgrsúgenaéf TI17 Exemsa qñam1975 ExμrRkhm)anGnuBaØat[GñkPUmi TaMgGs;vilcUlmkrs;enAkñúgPUmikMeNItvij KWPUmiRBHmøÚr ehiyrbcacnedl)ancemøósmkbitirkúgpñmebj nigextþmyy cmnynetotedletibetrtúv)ancemøósmkkan;rsuk)akan )anculmksñak;enatienhcmnysvij. enaexemsa qñam1977 KN³kgERsR)aMgeQμaHvij)anmkcab;xøÜnv:nenAeBlEdl Kat;kMBugeFIVkarenAkñúgkgdwkCBa Ún edayecatrbkan;facaxμamg lycdwkcba ÚnRsUvrbs;GgÁkar. v:n )anbdiesfkarecat Rbkan;enH b:uenþtibmput Kat;RtÚv)ancab;cgrYcbeNþIrecjeTA kan;kukrtacerkal. ebletadl;kñúgkukpøam v:n )anexij GñkeTasCaeRcInnak;kMBugCab;exñaHCaCYr²enAkñúgeragXMuXaMg edaykñúgmyycyr²mangñketasrbehl10nak; nigexij manrcvak;rab;ryexssrmab;tak;kecigrbs;gñketas. v:n )anexijmnusssøab;caerogral;éf. enaqñam1979 DI Edl CaRbFanKuk)anedaHElg v:n ehiygnubaøat[kat;rtlb;eta rs;enapumikmenitrbs;kat;vij bnþab;bikgsnþisuxesiubdwgfa Kat;BMu)anlYcRsÚvdUckarecaTRbkan;eT. rhutmkdl;eblbc úb,nñenh KukRtaceRkal)ankøay etacapumirtacerkal EdlmanRbCaCnrs;enAy:ageRcIn kuhkr. etahcay:agenhkþi RbCaCnEdlFøab;dwgerOgra:vKuk RtaceRkal)ancgcaMRbvtþienHTukkñúgcitþ nig)anniyay R)ab;kUnecArbs;xøÜnBIGVIEdl)anekIteLIg nigbikarsmøab; mnussgs;y:agercinenakñúgtwkdipumirtacerkalkalbicmnan; ExμrRkhm. renþacaercinrtúv)ankas;eligkalbigmlúgqñam edIm,Irkmasnigvtßúmantémø ehiyq wgca ercin)anrtúvrbcacndwkcba ÚnykeTAdak;tmál;enAkñúgmnÞIXMu bwgxñarsrmab;ekarbbuca. ets m:aer:m nig epg BgSr:asIu dmenirtssnkic edim,iesvgyl;bikarkat;etas emdwknamexμrrkhm mktl;nwgeblbc úb,nñ KeRmagÉksarrs;rbs; mcämnðléksarkm<úca)angeba IjRbCaCnmkcUlrYmEsVg yl;kñúgdmenirkaresvgrkyutþifm enaggácmnumcrmhvisambaø kñúgtulakarkm<úca)ancmnynrbman6900nak;rycmkehiy. enaedimqñam2009 KeRmagÉksarrs;)anQanmYyCMhan etotkñúgkarpþl;»kas[rbcacnculrymedaypþal;enakñúg dmenirkarkat;kþiemdwknamexμrrkhm. enaerogral;karebik svnakarkat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhm mcämnðléksar km<úcanwggeba IjGñktMNagmkBIRsukPUminanaTUTaMgRbeTs mkxøamemildmenirkarenh. benßmbielikarculrymsþab;svna kar GñktMNagTaMgenaHnwg)ancUlrYmkñúgvKÁbMBak;bMb:nedIm,I TTYlcMeNHdwgepSg²Tak;TgeTAnwgRTg;RTayéntulakar c,ab;kat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhm tynatiénshrbhracgacja ecarkm nigecarkmesuibgegát PaBxusKñaénTRmg;svnakar RBmTaMgTsSnaExSPaBynþÉksarTak;TgeTAnwgrbbExμr Rkhm. GaRs½yehtuenH RbsinebIGs;elakGñkmanbMNg culrymkñúgkmμvifigegátemilsvnakarb dmenirtssnkic edim,i EsVgyl;BIkarkat;kþIemdwknaMExμrRkhm sumtak;tg siuri savina tamry³turs½bðelx b sumgrkun mcämnðléksarkm<úca 17

20 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav ekcbikarsmøab;rbs;exμrrkhm kñúgrbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü KμanRbCaCnNamñak; h anrbqamg b CMTas;nwgbBa arbs;ggákareliy. xusebøkbi GñkTaMgenaH elak exov rit I EdlsBVéf CanaykrgenAviTüal½y b un r:ani h un Esn rlaeb ór )anerobrab;[dwgfa «Bukrbs;Kat; EbrCah anrt;ekcxøünerkaybidwgfaexμrrkhm nwgcuhmkcab;kat;yketasmøab;. etiehtugvi)anca«bukrbs; rit I sermc citþebbenh? munqñam1975 RKÜsarrbs; rit I rs;enapumiekakcmbk; sgáat;ecameca xnðdegáa RkúgPñMeBj. erkaybiexμrrkhm culmkdl;rkúgpñmebj RKÜsarrbs; rit I RtÚv)anCemøóseTA tampø ÚvreTHePø IgrhUteTAdl;RsukPñ MRsuk extþbnþaymanc½y. tampøúvefvidmenir RKÜsarrbs; rit I )anexijkgqøbcaercin nak;qryamenatampø ÚvEdlmanmancm ayq aybikñarbehl Ca10Em:Rt edim,ieqkeqrgiv:an;rbs;rbcacn. etadl;tienahpøam RKÜsarrbs; rit I EdlmansmaCik cmnyn6nak;rtúv)ancat;tamg[sñak;enakñúgpþhmyy. bnþab;mk ExμrRkhmk¾EbgEck[RbCaCnEdlCemøósTaMgGs;eFVIkar enatamkgerog²xøün. mþayrbs; rit I )anerobrab;[kat;dwg fa enatienahexμrrkhm)anbgçm[rbcacnefvikaresþirkμanebl srmak nig[hubetbbrravedlmanetrkab;ggárbibynrkab; b:uenñah erkaymkk¾bnþal[rbcacnmyycmnyn)anføak; xøünqwesþirrkb;kña. cmenkkarbüa)alvij KWmanEtfñaMGacm_ TnSayb:ueNÑaH duecñhgñkedlekitcmgwenhpakercin)anrtúv søab;etmþg. elisbienhetaetot etahbicagñktamgenhmin søab;edaysarcmgw k¾exμrrkhmyketasmøab;edr. Cak;Esþg enacugqñam1976 ExμrRkhm)ancab;epþIm ykrbús²edlebjkmøamgcaemrküsaretasmøab;ecalena evlayb;. rit I )anbnþfa eblenah mþayrbs;kat;)anexij ExμrRkhmbIbYnnak;mans<aykaMePø IgpgedIrsMedAmkpÞHRbCaCn rycr)ab;fayketaeronsurt. skmμpabenhmanbnþrhut edayéf bnþab;kgqøbtamgenahnwgedirmkykmnussenapþh GñkbnÞab;eTot EdlRbCaCnenAkñúgPUmiTaMgGs;suT Etdwgfa GñkTaMgenaHR)akdCasøab;ehIy ehiykμannrnamñak;h ansyr GgÁkareT. rit I enacam)anfa «Bukrbs;Kat;k¾)an)at;xøÜn ena eblenahedr edayenayb;dl;evnedlexμrrkhmrtúvmk yk«bukrbs;kat;etaeronsurt Kat;)anCMnMuKñaCamYybgb Ún Rbús²rbs;Kat;bInak;eTotfa «ebietatamexμrrkhmmanet søab; duecñhkwmanetrt;etetibgacmancivitrtlb;mkvij». erkaybibipaksakñaryc mþayrbs; rit I )andambbrdak;kaeml edim,i[«bukrbs;kat;rt;ekc. b: uenþkþ IsgÇwmfaeBlRbeTsrMedaH ehiynwg)ancybkñavij mkdl;eblenheyigminedl)anttyl dmnwgbikat; RBmTaMgbgb ÚnbInak;eTotrbs;Kat;bnþiceLIy. erkayehtukarn_enh RKÜsarrbs; rit I RtÚvsßitenA erkamkartamdanrbs;ggákarcanic ehiyefmtamgrtúvpøas;[ etars;enakenøgfμ ImYyeTot. enatienah ExμrRkhm)anbBa a[ mþayrbs; rit I eliktmnb; CIkRbLay tamgbirbwkrblwmrhut dl;em:ag5l ac etibgacsrmak)an. erkaymk edaysar mþayrbs; rit I efvikar)anl Kat;k¾TTYl)ankarTukcitþBIGgÁkar ehiyefmtamggnubaøat[kat;)anmkelgpþh)anmyyéf ena kñúgry³eblmyys)þah_ nig[bgrsirbs;kat;mksrmak Büa)alCMgWenApÞHrhUtdl;CasHes,Iy etibbba ÚneTAkgvij. b:uenþ etahbiy:agnak¾eday k¾exμrrkhmenaetedirtamdan enatampþhcaerogral;yb; xøacerkgrbcacnlyc hubepøeqi b dmlúgggákarcanic. rit I bnþfa yb;myy ebledl mþayrbs;kat;lyckas;dmlúgcvaykmkes arhub Rsab;Et QøbmkeXIj. edaysaretp½yxøamgebk yb;enahmþay rbs;kat;srmanþminlk;et erbahkitfac,as;caggákaryk etasmøab;caminxan. b:uenþ RBlwmeLIg GgÁkarEbrCamin 18 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

21 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav yketasébr_gvieliy edayrkan;etehaetaksagb:uenñah rycniyayfa «rbs;tamggs;hñwgcarbs;ggákarminemnca rbs;eyiget mankargirtúvsmuggákar RbsinebIhamehIy enaetminsþab;enahnwgyketasmøab;ecalcaminxan». cmenkkμüyrbs;mþay rit I eqμah kan )anlyckab;gmebaena ebléf ebledlggákarcab;)an k¾ykkat;etaefvitarunkmμ bnþab;mkcgkat;enacmáaretmñak;égetot. cab;tamgbiebl enahmk kan minedlh anlycetoteliy. enaqñam1978 edaysaretemkgrslaj;mþayrbs; rit I Kat;Rsab;EtRtÚv)anGgÁkarEtgtaMg[eFVICaemcugePA. kareligzan³enh )anefvi[mþayrbs; rit I mankarrbüy)armö CaxøaMgxøacExμrRkhmykKat;eTAsmøab; edaysaretkat;min )anrslaj;emkgenahet. enaqñam1979 RKÜsarrbs; rit I namkñaefvidmenirrtlb;mkrs;enarkúgpñmebjvij. edaysar EtpÞHrbs; rit I RtÚv)anruHerIGs; duecñhmþayrbs;kat;k¾namkun² mkrs;enarsukrsisn r extþkmbg;camvij. tampøúvefvidmenir RkúmRKÜsar rbs; rit I namkñaesvgrkdmnwgbi«bukrbs;kat;rhut b:uenþenaetkμan)andmnwgbikat;tal;etesah. enaqñam1985 rit I k¾pøas;mkeronenarkúgpñmebjvij. edaysaretrslaj;muxvic arbvtþivitüa nigcg;bergón[ekμg CMnan;eRkaydwgGMBIRbvtþisa sþrbs;rbetsxøün erkaybi RbLgCab;TutiyPUmi rit I k¾)andak;bakürblgenasaklvitüa l½ypuminþpñmebjepñkrbvtþivitüa. enaqñam1998 rit I RtÚv)an cat;tamg[mkefvirkúbergónenavitüal½yb unr:ani-h unesn rlaeb ór extþkmbg;qñamg. edaysaret rit I bergón)anl nig TTYl)ankarRsLaj;BIRKÚbeRgónepSgeTot enaqñam2007 Kat;RtÚv)anEtgtaMg[eFV ICanaykrgenAviTüal½yenHEtmþg. rit I yl;fa karbergóngmbirbbkm<úcarbcafibetyübiqñam 1975dl;1979 BitCamansarsMxan; nigmanrbeyacn_ CaxøaMgsRmab;kUnExμrCMnan;eRkay edim,ikmu[rbrbwtþgmebiebb enhetot CaBiessTnÞwmeBlEdltulakarkMBugEtkat;eTas emdwknamexμrrkhmpg. tat lkçina karvilrtlb;rbs;gñkpumikñúgqñam1979 mcämnðléksarkm<úca 19

22 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav surkitü ³ ExμrRkhmGaRkk;pg l pg kalbiv½ykumar EtgKitfa erogr:avexμrrkhmedl )anb BI«Bukmþay GñkCitxag nigbisalaeronkwcaerog RbDit. minedleconuvgivedl«bukmþayrbs; R)ab; et ehiy yl;faeqμah b:ul Bt/ egog sari nig exov smpn KWRKan;EtCaeQμaHEdlRbCaCnTUeTAehAsRmab;Cnk,t;Cati b:uenñah. minecoerogr:avrbs;exμrrkhmet BIeRBaHvaCa erogmyyedlbi)aknwgeconas;srmab;. GIVEdl )anb KWsuT EtTak;TinnwgPaBGt;Xøan karsmøab; TukçlM)akevTna karbgçm[efivkarhyskmøamg karrbmaf ecrrbetc nigkarsþi benþas. KμanP½sþútagNamYybnSl;Tuk[eFIVkarsikSaeRkA BIkarerobrab;nigrUbKMnUrEdlmanenAkñúgesovePAsikSaenA salaeronenaheliy. erkaymkenaedimqñam1990 pþh rbs; EdlmanTItaMgenAxNÐb ssiekv racfanipñmebj RtÚv TTYlrgkarxUcxatedaysarkar)aj;KñarvagkgT½BéRBExμr RkhmCamYynwgkgT½BraCrdæaPi)al. b:uenþ enaetkitfava RKan;EtCaRkúmRbqaMgnwgraCrdæaPi)alEdleKehAfakgT½B ExμrRkhmEtb:ueNÑaH. kñúgqñam1999 )andwgbikarbittam ry³karganesovepacaercink,aledlrtúv)ansresr nig erbir)as;enagmlúgrbbexμrrkhm nigtamry³karrukrk cemøiysarpab nigbba IeQμaHGñkeTasenAKukTYlEsøg. cab;tamgbiqñam2005mk GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al nig sßab½ngb;rm)anxitxmrbwgerbgb Ba abrbvtþisa sþsþibiexμr Rkhmdl;saFarNCn CnrgeRKaH Gñkrs;ranmanCIvit Rkúm GñksasnanigyuvCn. KeRmagpSBVpSayGb;rMnisSitKWCa kmμvifimyyedlrtúv)anbegáiteligkñúgqñam2005eday mcämnðléksarkm<úca kñúgekalbmnggb;rmyuvcnbirbb km<úcarbcafibetyünigggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakar km<úca G>v>t>k. KeRmagenHRtÚv)anerobcMeLIg nig GnuvtþskmμPaBCaeRcInEbbedIm,IbegáInkaryl;dwgrbs; safarncnbirbvtþisa sþexμrrkhm rymcamyynwgdmenirkar kat;etasexμrrkhmpgedr. RkúmpSBVpSayGb;rMnisSit)anbMeBjkic karrbs;xøün CamYynwgsisSviTüal½y nigsklvitüal½ytamgsßab½nrdæ nigékcnedayepþateliskmμpabmyycmnynrymmankarbmebj kargarsμ½rkcitþ kmμvifisiksaennambirbvtþisa sþexμrrkhm c,ab;nigkic RBmeRBógrbs;G>v>t>k vifisa sþsmöasn_ karsresrr)aykarn_ nigdmenirtssnkic siksa. edim,ipsbvpsayb½t manetadl;sissnissittamry³ karerbir)as;gnusasn_epsgetot Rkúmkargarrbs;eyIg erkagnwgefivdmenirtssnkic etakan;salaeroncaercintam extþepsg²kñakñúgry³eblmyyexmþgb BIrExmþg. dmenir TsSnkic enhefiveligedim,icybcamyysissnissitedlrtúv )anerciserisnigedim,ierobcmdmenirtssnkic tamtmbn;eday namsissnissittamsalaeronepsg²mkkan;tirkúgpñmebj edim,i[ek)anculrymtamdanggásvnakarnigdmenirtssnkic siksatikenøgrbvtþisa sþepsg². extþdmbugedleyig)an erciserisenahkwextþkmbt. eyig)anerobcmdmenirtssnkic enhkalbibak;knþalexmina qñam2010. tmbn;myycmnynena extþkmbtenamanspablm)akkñúgkarefivdmenirenaeliyebi etahbicary³eblcag25qñamerkaybirbbexμrrkhm)an dylrlmehiyk¾eday. kalbiexmifuna qñam1996 kgt½b érbexμrrkhm)anbmpøicbmpøajrtbüsm,tiþnigrbs;rbrrbs; RbCaCn EfmTaMgcab;RbCaCnenAekaHsøarab;rynak;eTA érbtaeknefivcacmnab;xμamgetotpg. elisbienhetaetot CnCatibreTscMnYnbInak;k¾RtÚv)ancab;xøÜnedaykgT½BéRB ExμrRkhmmkkan;PñMvlø nigsmøab;ecaledr. )anefivdmeniretakan;rsukquk enaextþkmbtcamyy nwgrkúmkargarrbs; elak pat Bisidæ edim,iefivkarcamyy 20 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

23 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav nwgsissanusissmyyrkúmedlrtúv)ancat;tamgedayrkú bergónpasabretsmñak;kwelak m:atfu rulú EdlCaGñk efivkars½μrkcitþ[pñak;garpisxbkm<úca. eyig)anetadl; vitüal½yh un Esn QUk enaresoléf TI17 ExmIna nig )ancybcamyynwgelakrsinaykrg ywk j:n. )anerkag CamYynwgelak m:atfu fanwg[cnrs;ranmancivitbirbbexμr Rkhmmñak;b BIrnak;niyayerobrab;BIbTBiesaFn_ nigerog ra:vedlgñktamgenahcgcambmputkalbirbbexμrrkhmetakan; sissanusiss. CamYyKñaenH GñkRKÚbeRgónBIrrUbEdlman CIvitrs;ranBIrbbExμrRkhmk¾mancMNab;GarmμN_cg;niyay erobrab;bibtbiesafn_pþal;xøünrbs;kat;pgedr. sissanusissrbman40nak;cab;bifñak;ti10rhut dl;fñak;ti12)anculrymsþab;rkúmkargarrbs;. Cabzm cab;epþimennam[sáal;nigdwgrkúmkargarrbs; nigekal bmngéndmenirtssnkic enh. bnþab;mk )anerobrab;bi RbvtþiExμrRkhm nigsmnmuerog002rbs; G>v>t>k. )an syretakan;sissanusisstamggs;enahfaetibykekecofarbb ExμrRkhmBitCaekItmanEmnEdreT nigfaetibykekføab;)an siksabirbbenhenakñúgfñak;edrb et. sissmyycmnyn)an eqøiyfa BYkeKeCOfaExμrRkhmBitCaekItmanEmncab;BI qñam1975rhutdl;qñam1979. sisstamgenahniyayfa BYkeK)andwgBIrbbExμrRkhmenHtamry³«Bukmþay sac; jati nig RKÚbeRgón RBmTaMgtamTUrTsSn_nigviTüúpgEdr. tamry³cemøiyrbs;sisstamggs;enh )ankt;smáal; exijfabykek)andwgbierogr:avrbs;exμrrkhmercincagrub kalbi mangayurs)alenhedr. BYkeKhak;bIdUcCaman R)aCJaQøasévRKan;ebI. sissanusiss)anecatsmnyrmyycmnynmkkan;rkúm kargarrbs; ducca etirbbexμrrkhmekiteligenakñúgrbets km<úcaedayrebobna? ehtugiv)ancaexμrrkhmsmøab; mnuss? etirbcacngacrycs;ranmancivittamrebobna? benßmbielienh RKÚbeRgónbYnrUb)ancUlrYmEckrMElkerOg r:avpþal;xøünetakan;sissanusissenakñúgfñak;. RKÚbeRgónTaMg enahrymmanelakrkúrbvtþivitüa ENt kab Gayu67qñaM Gñk RKÚ ywk j:n Gayu 58qñaM GñkRKÚ sux Lagsat Gayu59qñaM niggñkrkú kmu sarun Gayu 57qñaM. erkaybi)ansþab;erogr:av nigbipaksacamyynwgrkúbergóntamgbynrubrycmk sissanusiss TaMgGs;k¾TTYl)anesovePArbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa EdlmancMNgeCIgfa «GMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_³ sarsmxan; rbs;smnmuerogelx002 mñak;myyk,alrbmtamgesov» eparbs;g>v>t>k EdlmancMNgeCIgfa karennambitulakar «kat;etasexμrrkhm pg.» enarbwkéf TI18 mina eyig)annamsissanusiss nig RKÚbeRgóncMnYnbYnrUbeTATsSnaPñMl ag. eyigmanbmng bgðajsissanusissbimnþirsnþisuxrbs;exμrrkhmmyykenøg EdlsßitenAEk,rPUmienaH. PñMl agkwcatikenøgd¾rss;s at sßitenapumil ag XMul ag RsukdgTg; GtItRsukQUk Edl mancm ay15kilúem:rtbivitüal½y h un Esn QUk. l ag enakñúgpñml agenhrtúv)anerbir)as;srmab;xmuxøünrbcacn fμi b k¾ «RbCaCn17emsa nigtahan m nþi b:ulis rbs;ln;» nl; cab;biqñam1975 dl; qñam1979. tmbn;edlenacmuvij PMñenHRtÚv)anh umb½t edayrenþasmøab;mnussrab;ry )an RKbdNþb;eTAedayTwknigvalERs. llad_k,alrbman 325P ab;camyynwgrbs;rbresssl;rtúv)ankayecjbi renþatamggs;enh. bc úb,nñenh llad_k,altamgenhrtúv )antmál;enabucniydæanvtþsþwg kñúgrsukquk. sissanusissmingacculetatssnaenakñúgl ag)anet BIeRBaHfatMbn;TaMgmUl)ankøayCaTItaMgplitsIum:g;t_rbs; Rkúmh unékcnmyyedlmaneqμahfarkúmh unsium:g;t_b unr:ug. edaysaretehtuplsnþisuxenh eyigminrtúv)angnubaøat [etaek,rpñm b edirtssnacmuvijtmbn;enhet. eyiggacrtwm EtemIlTidæPaBPñMl ag nigftrubbirbgxagerkab:uenñah. erkaybisrmakmyyry³eblxø Imk eyig)anbnþdmenir BIl agpñmetakan;tmnb;rmelc sßitenakñúgrsukcmukiri kñúgry³ebl mcämnðléksarkm<úca 21

24 30naTI. TMnb;rMelcenHmanTTwgRbmaNCa10Em:Rt. TMnb;enHRtÚv)anBRgIk[FMkñúgGMLúgrbbExμrRkhmedaykar efivblikmμrbs;rbcacntamgbgçm. eyagtamsmþirbs;rkú bergónbirrubedl)anculrymeliktmnb;enhkalbirbbexμr Rkhm)an[dwgfa TIkEnøgenHmansPaBkxVk;nigeBareBjeTA edaystvruyexμarkb;tistitamggs;. mnussrab;rynak;)an søab;)at;bg;civitenatienhedaysarkareliktmnb;tamgbgmç )ak;kmøamg kargt;xøan nigcmgw. ebisincaeyigemiletsmbkerka PñMl ag nigtmnb;rmelc enhkwcakenøgd¾rss;s at. mangñketscrtictycnas; Edl)andwgBIGaf km)amg nigerogra:vesaknadkmμedl)ankb; y:agercaenabierkamtidæpabd¾rss;bmrbgenh. enaebledl eyig)anmkdl;tmnb;rmelc eyigmangarmμn_rss;føacamyy nwgxül;rtcak;edlbk;xøamg²bitisxaglicmkebietahbicarduv enhcarduvekþaehiys Ütk¾eday. xül;bk;kan;etxøamgeta² EdleFIV[eyIgTaMgGs;KñamanGarmμN_faenHCardUvsøwkeQI RCúH xn³ebledleyigqrenaelitmnb;smøwgetakan;bwgd¾ FMmYyEdlenAB½T CMuvijPñM. TMnb;rMelc)ankøayCarmNIy dæansrmab;epjóvetscredltak;tajtamgepjóvetscrkñ úgrsuk nigbretskñ úg»kasbunücatimþg². CaTUeTA epjóvetscr GacCiHTUkkmSanþenAkñúgbwgd¾s b;enh)an. etahcaya:gna k¾eday eyigsegátexijfakμanb½t mansrmab;pþl;cunepjóv etscredlgaccyylatrtdagbirbvtþirbs;tikenøgd¾rss; s atenheliy. enaebletadl;tmnb;rmelcenh sissanusissrtúv)an EbgEckCaRkúmtUc² ehiygñkxøhedircamyynwgrkúbergón rbs;ek. )anniyaycamyynwgsissfñak;ti10mñak;eqμah surkitü. )ansyr surkitü faetiyl;y:agducemþcedr cmebahexμrrkhm? surkitü )aneqøiyfa «KitfaExμrRkhm CamnusSl pgniggarkk;pg. cab;garmμn_y:agxøamg» cmebahsmþirbs; surkitü. duecñh )ansyrbenßmetotfa etigivcacmnucl niggarkk;rbs;exμrrkhm. surkitü niyay EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav fa «ExμrRkhmGaRkk;Rtg;faBYkeKbgçMmnusS[eFIVkarrhUt dl;søab; b:uenþexμrrkhmcamnussl Rtg;faExμrRkhmman KMnitsagsg;TMnb;EdlkøayCaTIkEnøgKYr[cab;GarmμN_. enhcaekrdmenlrbs;exμrrkhm». munnwgcab;epþimdmenirtssnkic enh elak ma:tfu )an bergónsissanusissedl)anculeronpasagg;ekøscamyy nwgelakbibakükabü éhxu. elak m:atfu )an[siss TaMg enahsresrkmnabüéhxuecjbitssn³rbs;xøüncmebahexμr Rkhm. surkitü)an sresrfa ³ ExμrRkhml g;. ExμRkhmsmøab;mnusSsøÚtRtg;CaeRcInnak;. duecñh ExμrRkhmqáÜt. RkúmpSBVpSayGb;rMnisiSt)anerobcMdMeNIrTsSnkic 22 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

25 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav sþibikargb;rmbigmebirbl½ybucsasn_ nigyutþifm Edlman ry³ebly:agehacnas;myyqñammkehiy edim,inamsiss nissitcmnyn300nak;mktssnaggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúg tulakarkm<úca nigtikenøgsmxan;enatirkúgpñmebj. GñkcUlrYm enakñúgdmenirtssnkic enhnwgrtúvebgeckcabirrkúm KWsisS vitüal½y nignisistsklvitüal½yenatirkúgpñmebj nigtam bnþarextþepsg². CamYyKñaenH erkaybidmenirtssnkic enhbba b;eta Rkúmkargarrbs;eyIgTTYl)annUvmtieyabl; nigkaryl;exijya:gercinbisissnissittamggs;enh rymman r)aykarn_sþ IBIdMeNIrTsSnkic erogxø I² Baküesøak kmnabü smburteføggmnrkun nigkaresñismubismnak;elakrkúgñkrkú nigsissnissitedlcg;culrymkñúgdmenirtssnkic enh. ekalbmngrbs;kermagenhkwedim,ipþl;»kas[siss nissit)anefivkaryl;dwgbenßmgmbidmenirkarvivtþetamux rbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcanigbirbvtþisa sþ ExμrRkhmtamry³dMeNIrTsSnkic tamtitamggmebirbl½ybuc sasn_edaypþal;erkabi)ansþab;erogra:vgs;tamgenhbi«buk mþay sac;jati GñkCitxag nigrkúbergónrbs;xøün. TisedA enhkwefiveligedim,i[yuvcncmnan;erkaybnþrksakarbarnig eliktemáigkarcgcam nigmnussfm rbs;rbcacnedlttyl rgtukçevtnakñúgrbbexμrrkhm. dmenirtssnkic enh)anpþl;»kas[sissnissitedlmkbivitüal½ynigsklvitüal½y epsg²)ancybsmenhsmnalnigefivkarsiksabikñaetavijeta mk cgmitþpabnwgkñaedim,iefiv[karyl;dwgbirbvtþisa sþ rbs;km<úcakan;etfmtulayelig. esi sayüna mcämnðléksarkm<úca 23

26 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav b U em:g ³ esovepaedim,ikarcgcam nig yutþifm sgám samsibqñamerkaymk b U em:g )anefvidmeniretamuxrhutbbaäb;kmhwgsgswk rbs;xøün. enhedaysaretgmebirbl½ysasn_caskmμpabebbneya)ay ehiyvaenaetbnþcaerogrhut. GñkniBn ³ h uy vnñ³ cab;epþimkargarenaqñam 1999 edayefvigñkrsavrcavsþigmbirbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü nigcyyek srmülgtßbttssnavdþiesvgrkkarbitedlmcämnðléksarkm<úcae)ahbum< Caerogral;Ex. h uy vnñ³ k¾cagñksresresovepa «kgblexμrrkhmelx 703³ BIC½yCmñHeTAkarbMpøajxøÜnÉg» e)ahbum<qñam2003 edaymcämnðl Éksarkm<úCa. BIqñaM h uy vnñ³ CasmaCikRkúmRbwkSaniBn naykrbs;vitüúgasiuesri EdlpSayecjBITIRkúgv:asIunetan. elakttylbnþúk RKb;RKgB½t manrbcaméf enakñúgtirkúgpñmebjnigrbetsdétetotenatmbn;gasiu GaeKñy_EdlTak;Tgkic karrbs;rbetskm< úca. cab;tamgbiqñam2010 h uy vnñ³ KWCanaykpSayB½t manrbs;bnþajturtssn_ékcn siufigin EdlCasßanIy TUrTsSn_d¾manRbCaRbiyPaBbMputkñúgRbeTskm< úca. h uy vnñ³ TTYlsBaØabR½t EpñkGkSrsa sþexμrbisklvitüal½ypuminþpñ MeBjenARbeTskm<úCanigTTYlsBaØa br½tgnubnðitepñkkic kargnþrcatibisklvitüal½yr:at;;há½r rdæjúvecisiu shrdæ Gaemrik. qamg yu mcämnðléksarkm<úca)anecjpsayesovepa my YyeTotkñ úgex]spaenh. esovepaenhmankrmas;80tmb½r EdlsresrCaPasarGg;eKøsmancMNgeCIgfa b U em:g Gñk «rs;ranmancivitbimnþirs-21³ yutþifm srmab;gnakt min RKan;sRmab;EtCnrgeRKaHb:ueNÑaHeT.» bc úb,nñ b U em:g KWCaGñkrs;ranmanCIvitBImnÞIrs-21 mñak;kñ úgcmenambinak;edlenars;ranmancivitsbvéf. ehiy fμi²enhedr b U em:g )anrbqmmuxcamyy Duc EdlCaRbFan mnþ Irs-21 ehiy Duc enhehiyedlcagñkbgç M b U em:g [KUr rubrbs; b: ul Bt edim,icafñ Úrnwgkarrs;ranmanCIvitrhUtdl; sbvéf. rubkmnurbs; b: ul Bt EdlKUreday b U em:g RtÚv)an e)ahbum<kñúgesovepaenhedr. fvid,itet b U em:g Gacrs;ran mancivit b:uenþrbbn rbs;kat;edlcab;enamnþirs-21enh duckña minmanvasnaduccakat;et. GñkniBn h uy vnñ³ )an CYb b U em:g elikdmbugenaexmkraqñam2003 erkayebl Edlb U em:g cab;epþimbgðajxøüncasarfarn³elikdmbug ehiy)ancab;epþ ImsikSaBICIvitrbs;Kat;rhUtmk. h uy vnñ³ )ansáal;nuvkarqwcab; PaBrIkray nigpabminsgswkéncivit pþal;xøünrbs; b U em:g. etahføab;rs;enaedaypabqwcab;bi GtItkal b U em:g enaetgacefvidmeniretamuxcanic ehiy CmñHnUvRTwsþIminsgswkcMeBaHCnéddl; CaBiess Duc. esovepaenhkwcasarnafñak;gnubnðitrbs; h uy vnñ³ ehiyerkaymk)anyktak;etg Eklm benßmedim,ie)ahbum< psayecjcaesovepaenh. esovepaenhkwcakarerobrab;gmbi karcgcamrbs;cnrgerkahmñak;edlrtúv)ansresrcaesovepa srmab;karcgcamkñúgry³kalyurgegvgetaéf GnaKt. jan sucati 24 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

27 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav KeRmagCYyCnrgeRKaH ³ karculrymd¾mangtßn½y GgÁCMnuMCRmHvisamBØakñúgtulakarkm<úCaEdlRtÚv)an sáal;c,as;facatulakarexμrrkhm enaeblenhkmbugete)ah CMhaneTAmuxeq<aHeTAkan;dMeNIrkarnItiviFIkat;eTaskñúgsMNMu erogrbhμtnð002 EdlkñúgenaHmanemdwknaMExμrRkhm Can;x<s;enArs;cMnYn4nak; EdlnwgRtÚvnaMykmkkat;eTas cmebah]rkidækmμedl)anekiteligkalbigmlúgrbbkm<úcarbca Fibetyürbs;BYkeK. enakñúgry³eblrtwmetbiqñamr)ambiex émöéf b:uenñah rbbd¾yg;xñgenh)ansmøab;civitmnussercin Cag 1/ 7 lannak;. GVIEdlKYr[esaksþayenaHKWfa ry³ ebl30qñamerkayebledl]rkidækmμenh)anekitelig etib tulakarkat;etasenhelcecjcarubragelig. etahbica y:agenhkþi tulakarkat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhmenhkwcakþi sgçwmetmyykt;srmab;gñkrycrs;birbbexμrrkhmtamggs; [man»kasttyl)annuvyutþifm EdlcugbBa b;nwgrtúv)an pþl;[bykkat;caminxan. CaBiesseTAeTot edaysaret tulakarenhrtúv)ansßabnaeligkñúgekalbmngsmxan;bmput KWrkyutþiFm CUndl;CnrgeRKaHTaMgGs; duecñhehiydmenir kard¾lm)akenhnwgkøayetacakμann½yrbsinebikarculrym rbs;cnrgerkahminrtúv)anykcitþtukdak; nigegiebienahet GVIsMxan;enaHKWfa RbsinebIKμankarcUlrYmmYyd¾manGtßn½y BIsMNak;CnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;EdlTnÞwgrg;caMrkyutþiFm Gs;ry³eBlCayUrNas;mkehIyrhUtesÞIEtnwgGs;sgÇwm etaehiyenah. kñúgekalbmngeliktemáinkarculrymmyyd¾citsññit nig mangtßn½ybismnak;rbcacnkm< úcatamglayenakñ úgdmenirkar kat;etasrbs;tulakarexμrrkhmenh mcämnðléksar km<úca)anxitxmrbwgerbgkñúgkarr)ars½ytak;tgcamyygñk PUmiedIm,IbegáInkarcab;GarmμN_rbs;BYkKat;cMeBaHkargar rbs;tulakarnigedim,icuncadmnwgdl;bykkat;sþibib½t mantamg LayEdlTak;TgnwgtulakarenH. kñúgkarkamrtnuvkic xmrbwg ERbgenHpgEdr KeRmagCYyCnrgeRKaHrbs;mCÄmNÐl Éksarkm< úca)anbegá InnUvskmμPaBCaeRcIn Edlkñ úgcmenam skmμpabedletibeterobcmeligfμi²enh KWkarCYydl;edIm bnþwgrdæb,evnikñúgkarerciserisgñktmnagepñkc,ab; karercistamgemfavitmnagepñkc,ab;. edaysaretkarttylsáal;gmbisarsmxan;éndmenirkar nitivifikñúgsmnmuerog002 EdlnwgxitCitmkdl;enH KeRmag CYyCnrgeRKaH)anerobcMkic RbCMuelIkTImYyrbs;xøÜnenAéf TI17-19 ExmIna CamYynwgCnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;EdlKeRmag enh)ancuhetacyyrbcacnkñúgkardak;bakübnþwgsmutamgxøünca edimbnþwgrdæb,evnikñúgsmnmuerog002enh. Casrub kñúg kic RbCMuelIkTImYyenH manedimbnþwgrdæb,evnimkculrym cmnyn47nak; EdlGeBa IjmkBIbNþaextþRkúgdUcCa kmbg;cam knþal esomram taekv bnþaymanc½y nigpñmebj. kic RbCMuenHeFVIeLIgkñúgeKalbMNgeFVIkarENnaMdl;edImbNþwg rdæb,evni[mankaresvgyl;gmbirbvtþisegçb nigsmtßpab rbs;rkúmemfavitamggs;edlnwgefvicagñktmnagepñkc,ab;ena kñúgsmnmuerog002enh. karefviebbenh edimbnþwgrdæb,- evninwggacefvikarsermccitþd¾cak;lak;rtwmrtúvmyykñúgkar ercistamgemfavitmnagrbs;xøün. karercistamgemfavi tmnagepñkc,ab;kwcaerogmyyd¾smxan;srmab;edimbnþwgrdæb, evninimyy² edaysaretenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifitamgmul enh emfavitmnagenhcagñkkarbarplrbeyacn_ nigcyy RKb;RKgvisalPaBnigKuNPaBénkarcUlrYmrbs;edImbNþwg rdæb,evnienakñúgtulakar[kan;etmangtßn½y. kñúgkic RbCMuenH CadMbUgelak qamg yu naykmcä mcämnðléksarkm<úca 25

28 mnðléksarkm<úcacagñkcab;epþimkic smenhsmnal. edim,ieliktwkcitþdl;karculrymrbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evniena kñúgkic RbCMuenH elaknayk)anelikeligbirbfanbtedl mansarsmxan;srmab;smnmuerogrbhμtnð 002 mkbipaksa CamYyedImbNþwgTaMgGs;. elaknayk)anbgðajesovepa B½t manbn RkhmfμImYyEdleTIbEte)aHBum<eLIgeday mcämnðl EdlkñúgenaH)anpþl;nUvB½t mancaercinsþibismnmu erogrbhμtnðenh CaBiessmanrUbrbs;emdwknaMExμrRkhm TaMgbYnnak;EdlnwgRtÚvnaMykmkkat;eTasenAkñúgkrNI 002enHpgEdr. bnþab;mk edimbnþwgrdæb,evnik¾cab;epþim syrsmnyr nigeckrmelkkmnit nigeyabl;rbs;xøünetakan; elaknayk. erkayebledlelaknaykbba b;karsmenh smnalcamyyedimbnþwgrdæb,evni elak CI etrit RbFan KeRmagCYyCnrgeRKaHcab;bnþkic BiPakSasþIBIB½t mansegçb nigsmtßpabrbs;rkúmemfavitmnagepñkc,ab;tamggs;enakñúg smnmuerog 002 enh. elak CI etrit )anpþl;b½t mansegçbrbs;rkúmemfavi nimyy²rymmanducca btbiesafn_enakñúgc,ab;rbhμtnð RbPB FnFan karepþatsmxan;kñ úgepñkepsg²rbs;rkúmnimyy².l. edaysaretmankarrbüy)armöfa edimbnþwgrdæb,evniman karlm)akkñúgkarcab;ykb½t mand¾ercintamgenhkñúgry³ebl y:agxiøebbenh duecñhehiy bnþab;bibtbgðajpøam KWmankar EbgEckedImbNþwgrdæb,evNICabIRkúmedIm,Ipþl;eBlevla benßmetotdl;bykkat;[efivkarbinitüeligvijgmbibbaðaenhmun ebledlbykkat;efivkarsermc. enakñúgrkúmnimyy² man vtþmansmacikrbs;kermagcyycnrgerkahmñak;enarbcamkar edim,icyysrmbsrmülkarbipaksaenhkñúgkrnicam)ac;. edimbnþwgrdæb,evnixøhmankarebjcitþrkúmemfavirhutdl; etabirrkúméenah EdleFVI[BYkKat;mankarBi)akkúñgkar sermccitþ xn³ebledledimbnþwgrdæb,evnixøhetot)an sermccitþercistamgemfavirycetaehiy. enaeblbykkat; efvikarsermccitþrycehiyenah BYkKat;nwgcuHhtßelxaelI EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav lixitercistamgemfavitmnagepñkc,ab;rbs;kat;. müa:getot k¾manedimbnþwgrdæb,evnimyycmnyntuc EdlFøab;)aneRCIstaMgemFavItMNagrbs;Kat;rYcehIyenaH )anefvikaresñismupøas;bþúrgñktmnagepñkc,ab;rbs;xøüneday bba ak;bimulehtufa kalbiebledlbykkat;ercistamg emfavitmnagmundmbug BYkKat;BMumanB½t manlm itepsg² Tak;TgnwgemFavIenaHeT. \LÚvenH edaysaretmanb½t man TaMgGs;enH efvi[bykkat;mangarmμn_fa xøünmansiti nigman smtßpabkñúgkarerciserisemfaviepsgedaypabecocak;. karercistamgemfavienh)ancmnayeblgs;eta CitmYyéf. bnþab;bienh KeRmagCYyCnrgeRKaHk¾)anerobcM karbba amgkunéksarcundl;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnitamggs;pg Edr ducca³ «karefvitssnkic rbs;kn³rbtipuevotnam mkkan;km<úcarbcafiibetyüqñam1975 PñMeBjenAkñúgqñaM» «1979 nig karsmuxmaetasrbs; Duc nigrbtikmμrbs;» «RbCaCn. edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimankarcab;garmμn_y:ag» xøamgetaelikunéksarenh CaBiesskunTIbIEdlemIleTA BYkKat;dUcCamanRbtikmμxøaMg. xn³ebledlkmbugemilkun kbaøa RKI s uyehog eligbnül;gñkpumisþibikermagcyycnrgerkahdak;bak 26 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

29 kübnþ wg EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav TIbIenaH manedimbnþwgrdæb,evniv½ycmnas;mñak;)anbenøi smelgfa ex<imsþab; Duc smuetasnas;. ehiymanedim bnþwgrdæb,evnixøhetotebretarkgñkedlggáúycitkat; edim,ibipaksanuvgviedlkat;)anemilexijenakñúgkunéksar enah ehiymñak;²efvikarsemþgecjnuvkarminebjcitþy:ag xøamgedaybeba jtamry³twkmuxnigsmþi. enaebledlkunéksar)anbba amgcb;pøam edimbnþwg rdæb,evnitamggs;cab;epþimefvikareckrmelknuvkaryl; exijetavijetamkerog²xøün. tyy:agducca edimbnþwg rdæb,evnicncatigiusøammñak;)anerkakqrehiyniyayfa Kat;xMsgát;citþs URTaMTTYlrgkarQWcab;enHCayUrNas;mk ehiy rhuttal;etniyayfa xüønkat;mankarxwg ehiyrbkan; yktssn³ QamsgedayQam Caminxan RbsinebIKat; ral;éf enhminrs; «erkamc,ab;rdæ enahet. duecñh karsmu» GP½yeTasKμanRbeyaCn_GVIenaHeTcMeBaHKat;. cmenké edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimñak;etotyl;rsbnwgmtienh ehiyk¾ beba jeyabl;fa edaysaretrs;enaerkamc,ab;hñwg ehiyetibefvi[kat;gt;fμt;nwgkarqwcab;tamglayedlkat; RTaMRTGs;ry³eBly:agyUrmk ehiyenah. cmenkedimbnþwg rdæb,evniv½ycmnas;mñak;)an benßmetotfa enhcaerogmyy minsmehtusmplenahetkal EdlmnusSmñak;)anRbRBwtþ ]Rkidækmμd¾yg;XñgEbbenH ehiyebrcacugerkayefvikarsmu GP½yeTasBIRBH b k¾bicnrg erkahetavij. cmebahedimbnþwgmñak; vijetot)ansmnumbrfa smu[ tulakarerobcmdmenirkarnitivifi rbs;xøün[rh½sbnþic ehiykmu mankarbnüarebl[esahmunebledlgvi²rtúvywteblgs; edaysarettamgcncab;ecat nigcnrgerkahsut Etmanv½y cas;craetaehiy. elak CI etrit )aneqøiytbfa tulakar ral;éf BitCadwgBIkarlM)akmYyenH b: uenþsgçwmfacnrgerkah TaMgGs;nwgyl;BIkarBitEdlfaGVI²TaMgGs;xagtulakarRtÚv EtGnuelameTAtamnItiviFIRtwmRtÚvrbs;tulakar ebiming Icwg et tulakarenhnwgkøayetaca tulakarekøgkøay myyedl minrbrbwtþetatamnitivific,ab;. edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimñak;edlgeba IjmkBIextþ knþal)anniyayfa kic RbCMuenHBitCa)anelIkTwkcitþKat; [kan;etmankarecocak;elikarculrymrbs;kat;y:agxøamgedl efvi[kat;mancmenocitþfakat;nwggacttyl)anyutþifm RtwmRtÚv ebietahbicavayury:agenhkþi BIeRBaHKat;eCOfaKat;k¾dUcCa CnrgeRKaHdéTeTotminRtÚv)anbMePøcecalenaHeT. CamYy nwgkic kargaréndmenirkarrbs;tulakarenhpgedrefvi[kat; mangarmμn_fakarqwcab;rbs;kat;k¾duccacnrgerkahtamggs; RtÚv)aneKTTYlsÁal; nigdwgb TUTaMgsklelak EdleFVI[ CnrgeRKaHmñak;²mankþIsgÇwmnigsb,ayrIkrayeLIgvij. kmhusqágy:agf n;f r nigpabgaenacgaf½mbmputrbs; rbbexμrrkhmenhbi)aknwgb:hb:uveligvijnas; edaysar Etva)ancak;cUly:ageRCAeTAkñúgsac;edaybgáCarbYssñam myyedlmingacbmepøc)anenakñúgxøünrbs;rbcacnkm<úcarkb; rub. samsibqñamerkaymk fviebikm<úcagaccashes,iy EpñkragkaykþI b:uenþenaetbikarpøúvcitþenaeliy. RKb;eBl EdlnwkKitBIrbbenaHeLIgvij vamanpabrs;revikducerog EdleTIbnwgekIteLIgG Ícwg. GaRs½yehtuenHehIy manet tamry³karculrymmyyd¾mangtßn½ybismnak;cnrgerkah TaMgGs;eT etibgacefvi[bykkat;tamggs;kñarbqmmuxedah RsaynwgGtItkald¾QWpSaEdlminGacbMePøc)anenH nigedim,ierbkøaykarqwcab;tamggs;enh[etacakarcgcam myycarbvtiþsa sþ nigcasklcundl;mnusscatitamggs;. RKI s uyehog mcämnðléksarkm<úca 27

30 KeRmagÉksarrs;rbs;mCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa )ancuhetaextþcaeliktibirenakñúgexmina qñam2010 enaxmu bwgxñar Rsuk)akan extþebaf sat;. karcuhetatamextþelik enhefiveligcab;biéf TI17 dl;éf TI20 ExmIna qñam2010 nigmanekalbmngbrgwgcmenhdwgbikargarrbs;tulakarexμr Rkhmdl;saFarNCn EdltulakarenHeKdwgCaTUfa GgÁ CMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa k¾duccaefiv[gñkpumi yl;dwggmbidmenirkarvivtþrbs;tulakar nigbtelμisrbhμtnð kñúgsmnmuerog002. Rkúmkargar)ancuHeTAXMubwgxñarenH erbahgñkedlmanlmenadæanenatienahmyycmnynrtúv)angeba Ij [culrymsvnakarcasafarn³rbs; Duc EdlmansarsMxan; srmab;kat;kñ úgkaryl;dwgbismnm uerogbnþab;etot. benßmeli enh karcuhetaextþenh CaeKalbMNgry³eBlyUrrbs; KeRmagÉksarrs; edim,ikamrtetadl;fnfanmnusssrmab; EckcayB½t manfμ I²bEnßmeTot. TItaMgXM uenh GMeNaypll srmab;karrbcmu BIeRBaHvasißtenACitGtItKukrbs;ExμrRkhm EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav evtikagñkpumienakñúgextþebaf sat; ³ RbtikmμcMeBaHkarkt;smÁal;rbs;emdwknaMCan;x<s;ExμrRkhm elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a RbCM ucamyygñkpumi enaextþebaf sat; EdlmaneQμaHfa KukRtaceRkal EdlGñkPUmiCaeRcInRtÚv )anbba ÚneTAsmøab;enAGMLúgrbbExμrRkhm. enarbwkéf TI18 ExmIna qñam2010 enakñ úgsalaqan; rbs;vtþrbhmøúr RkúmkargarenH)aneRCIserIsedIm,IerobcMkic RbCMu nigbba amgexspabynþ. mangñkpumirbehl230nak; )anculrymsþab;elakemxmueqμah bwg ebn efivkarkt;smáal; nigpþamepjiggárbcmu[ykcitþtukdak;etanwggivedlrkúmkargar rbs;mcämnðléksarkm<úcaelikykmkbgðaj niggivedl manenakñúgexspabynþenh. elak bwg ebn )anbnül;gñk PUmi[emIleXIjBItémørbs;tulakarenAkñúgkarpþl;yutþiFm etadl;cnrgerkahedl)ansøab; niggñkenars;ranmancivit Edl)anTTYlrgkaQWcab;enAkñúgrbbkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü. sißtenakñúgkarkt;smáal;d¾mangtßn½yenh elak naykrgmcämnðléksarkm<úca v:an;fan; ebadar:a )an cmnayeblbirbinatidmbug edim,ibgðajnuvkareføggmnr KuNdl;elak bwg ebn nigelak Guk smy:ul smacikrkúm RbwkSaXMuEdl)anshkarCamYy mcämnðléksarkm<úca edim,ipþl;»kas[mankarcybrbcmu nigpþl; TIkEnøgd¾smrmüsRmab;Rkúmkargar bukálikmcämnðléksarkm<úca )ancybcamyynwggñkpumi. bnþab; mk elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a niyay BIeKalbMNgénkarRbCMu nigkar bba amgexspabynþenh. elak bnþfakarrbcmuenhnwgpþl;nuvb½t man fμi²gmbikargarenakñúgggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcanig 28 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

31 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav psbvpsaykic BiPakSasMNMuerOg002EdlTak;TgnwgGtIt emdwknamexμrrkhmbynrubetotedlnwgrtúvkat;etaserkam c,ab;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )ancab;epþimkic snþna edaysyrsmnyretakan;gñkpumifaetibgb ÚnNaxøHFøab;)aneTA emiltulakarb Føab;tamdanBIdMeNIrkarsvnakareT? mnuss RbmaN10nak;enAkñúgGgÁRbCMu)anelIkéd ryceqøiyfa mcämnðléksarkm<úca)angeba IjBYkeK[cUlrYmsvnakar dmbugrbs; Duc. enakñúgcmenamgñkelikédtamgenah k¾mangñk PUmimYycMnYnFøab;)ancUlrYmsvnakarknøHéf EdlerobcMeLIg edayggácmnmucrmhcrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcapþal;pg Edr. RsþImñak;EdlFøab;)ancUlrYmsvnakar)anniyayfa Kat;Føab;)ancUlrYmBiPakSaBIdMeNIrkarsvnakarCamYynwg RKÜsar nigsmacikshkmn_rbs;kat;. Kat;sgÇwmfa dmnwg énkarculrymcamyynwggñkpumibibynnak;enah nwgriksaypay etadl;shkmn_tamgmuly:agmanrbsit PaB. erkaymk elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )anbnül;bismnmu erog001 EdlTak;TgnwgCnCab;ecaTeQμaH kamg ehácg av eha Duc GtItRbFanKukenAmnÞIrs-21 )anbba b;dmnak;kar svnakarpþal;mat; ehiybc úb,nñkmbugbicarnaetaelikar RbkassalRkm. elakbnþfa karesñismucugerkayrbs; shrbhracgacja KWsUm[GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakar km<úcabicarnadak;etas Duc [Cab;Kukry³eBl40qñaM edayeyagetaelikarshkarrbs;cncab;ecat Duc CamYy tulakarkñ úgdmenirkarnitivifi. karrbkasenhminrtwmetelik Twkcitþ[GñkmkcUlrYmtamdanB½t manénkarrbkassalrkm srmab;smnmuerog001b:uenñahet vak¾)anpþl;nuvmuldæan srmab;gñkpumiedim,i[kat;ykcitþtukdak;tamdan nigcul rymenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifisrmab;krnismnmuerog002. bnþab;bisegçbr)ab;gñkpumigmbikrnirbs; Duc rycmk elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )an bgðajesovepae)ahbum<fμi² rbs;mcämnðléksarkm<úcakw GMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ nig sarsmxan;énkrnismnmuerog002 EdlmanbgðajrUbPaB éncncab;ecatbynrub CaGtItemdwknaMExμrRkhm EdlrYmman³ egog sari/ egog FIriT / exov smpn/ nig nyn Ca. elak v:anfan; ebadar:a )anerobrab;r)ab;gñkpumiedaysegçbgmbi CIvRbvtþ irubrbs;cncab;ecat nigpþl;nuvb½t mancam)ac;edim,i[ yl;bismnm uerog. B½t manenakñúgesovepaennambiggácrmh visambaø )ancyypþl;nuvcmenhdwgmyycmnynetakan;gñkpumigmbi CnCab;ecaT nig]rkidækmμedl)anghgagedayggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. ÉksarTaMgenHminRtwmEtCYy pþl;nuvcmenhdwgcamuldæanénsmnmuerogb:uenñahet vaefmtamg Bnül;GMBIGtßn½ydl;GñkenArs;ranmanCIviténrbbExμrRkhm [GaccUlrYm nigtamdandmenirkarnitivifismxan;enh. bnþab; mketot elakbnül;bimyytmb½retamyytmb½renakñúgesovepafμi Edlfa emdwknamnimyy²nwgrtúv)anecatrbkan; nig)anelik ykekalsmxan;²énsvnakarggábuercmnmucrmhedlekaheha mnusseligmkpþl;skçikmμenamuneblkarkat;etas. vaman sarsmxan;xøamgnas;kñúgkarbgðajfa enakñúgsmþirbs;cn Cab;ecaTTaMgbYnrUbenH KμannrNamñak;TTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaH ]RkidækmμEdlxøÜn)anRbRBwtþenAGMLúgrbbkm<úCaRbCaFib etyüeliy. tamry³karbkrsayedaysegçbbicivrbvtþirbs; emdwknamcan;x<s;tamgbynrubedl)anecatrbkan; elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )ansgát;f n;etaelikarbdiesfkarttylxusrtúv rbs;cncab;ecatsrmab;]rkidækmμtamggs;edl)anekitelig enakñúgrbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü EdleBlenaHmankaryk citþtukdak;sþab;biggárbcmutamgmul. etahbicay:agnak¾eday elakbnül;gñkpumifa karttylxusrtúvsrmab;rbcacnkm< úca rab;lannak;edl)ansøab;nwgrtúv)anbgðaj nigkmnt;eday kic xitxmrbwgerbgrbs;tulakar. elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )anbnþetotfa RbsinebIdMeNIrkarenHRbRBwtþeTA)any:ag rlunnigrtwmrtúv enahtamgcugecat nig CnrgeRKaHnwgRtÚv)an Fanafa yutþifm )anefivrycehiy. mcämnðléksarkm<úca 29

32 tamry³karbkrsaybikrni]rkidækmμrbs;ggácmnmu CRmH elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )anennamgmbipabynþxøi²cmnyn BIrEdlbgðajBIkarsMueTasrbs; Duc nig smþirbs; exov smpn GMBItYnaTInigTMnYlxusRtÚvrbs;Kat;enAGMLúgrbbkm<úCa RbCaFibetyü. PaBynþTImYy)anbgðajGMBIkarsMueTas CasaFarN³EdleFIVeLIgeday Duc etakan;cnrgerkahedl RtÚv)ansmøab; nigttylrgkarqwcab;enamnþirs-21 ehiy niggñkedlcasac;jatirbs;cnrgerkah. PaBynþTIBIr )an bgðajgmbikarniyaycasafarn³edlefiveligeday exov smpn enagmlúgeblsvnakarbzmrbs;kat;enakñúgggácmnmu CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCakalBIs)þah_mun eday)an erobrab;gmbitynatinigkatbvkic rbs;kat;enagmlúgrbbkm<úca RbCaFibetyü. exov smpn )anrbkasgmbicitþbrisut rbs; Kat; nigbdiesferogr:avsøab;rbs;cnrgerkah. benßmbieli enhetot exov smpn )anbdiesffa Kat;KμanGMNacBitR)akd kñ úgkarefi VkarseRmccitþenAkñ úggmlúgrbbkm< úcarbcafibetyü eday)anrbqamgfa Kat;EfmTaMgKμanGñkeFIVkar[Kat; Edl GaceFIV[Kat;bBa aek)anenahet. GñkPUmi )anykcitþtukdak;y:agxøamgcmebahbaküedl elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a bgðajgñkpumigmbiesovepaennamsmnmuerog002 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav )anniyayedayemdwknamexμrrkhmenakñúgexspabynþ. erkaymketot GñkPUmiTaMgenaHRtÚv)ansMu[pþl;eyabl; cmebahexspabynþenah. GñkPUmiBIrbInak;)ansEmþgnUvRbtikmμ y:agxøamg cmebahgivedl Duc )anniyay. PaKeRcInénGñk PUmiyl;eXIjfa karsmuetasmingacttylyk)anenahet etahbicattylykkmnitrbs;rbhbut enakñúgkarsermccitþk¾ eday. sþ Imñak;)anniyayfa vamingacetarycenahetsrmab; rubkat;kñúgkarelikelgetas[ Duc edaysaret]rkidækmμ F n;f redlkat;)anrbrbwtþenamnþirs-21. bursmñak;etot )anyl;rsbcamyynwgkat; edayniyayfa vamingaceta rycenahetsrmab;rubkat;kñúgkarttylykkarsmuetas. eyag etatamdunciv½ycmnas;mñak;edl)anrs;enaenakñúgvtþ nigkan; sasnarbhbut Gs;ry³eBleRcInqñaMmkehIy)anniyayfa Gtßn½yénkmμ)anbgðajy:agc,as;nigRtÚv)anykmkGnuvtþ srmab;krnienheday)antajehtuplfa «bukálnak¾ edayedl)anrbrbwtþkmμgarkk; RtÚvEtTTYlrgnUvlT pl duckña». sþimñak;enhcg;semþaetaelitmhméntukçevtnaedl Duc )anttylykrtlb;mkvij srmab;skmμpabgarkk;rbs;kat; enakñúgeblgtitkal. Kat;k¾)anbEnßmeTotfa eyageta tamvin½yrbs;rbhbut KμannrNa mñak;gacttylykplkmμcmnys Duc )anenahet Kat;RtÚvEtTTYl yk)abkmμenhedayxøünég. enaxn³edlgñkpumicas;² niyaysmedaetaelikarbergón rbs;rbhbut EdlCaynþkarmYy srmab;efivkarkat;etaseday xøünégenah GñkPUmiepSg²eTot yl;exijfa vamansarsmxan; xøamgnas;edlrdæmankatbvkic dak;etasgñkedlrtúv)anrk exijfamanetaskmhuseday 30 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

33 EsVgrkkarBit-EpñkRbvtþisa sþnigkarrsavrcav RbRBwtþ]RkidækmμF n;f rebbenh. GñkcUlrYmmñak;Edlrs;enACitPUmienH)anniyayfa BaküsmþIrbs; exov smpn hak;duccaminbit ehiybüayam ekcevhbikarbit. Kat;)anesñIfa tulakarkyretesvgrkkar Bit etibefvi[rbcacnkm<úcaexijfabitcamanyutþifm. bursmñak;edlrs;enapumidedl)anyl;rsbedayghgagfa Kat;mineCO exov smpn. Kat;)anbgðajfa Kat;mineCOGI VEdl exov smpn niyayfamindwgbiepnkar b esckþisermcedl efvieligenakñúgrbbexμrrkhm erbahkat;cakn³rbfanrdæena eblenahet. elak G Uk smyul Gayu55qñaM mkbipumiérbsvay XMubwgxñar RtÚv)ancab;xøÜn nigbba ÚneTAKukRtaceRkal. smyul RtÚv)anXMuxøÜnGs;ry³eBlCagbIqñaM BIqñaM1976 dl;qñam1979 BIbTriHKn;GgÁkarExμrRkhm. etahbica smyul Føab;TTYlkarQWcab;k¾eday k¾kat;)anbn ÚrGarmμN_ rbs;xøünedayerciseriskargb;rmrbs;rbhbut sasna edim,i eq<ahetarksnþipab. QrenAelIeKalkarN_rbs;RBHBuT EdlKat;)aneron smyul mincg;sgswket BIeRBaHvaeFVI[ Kat;minGacEsVgrksnþ ipab)anedr. RsedogKñaeTAnwgTsSn³ rbs;gñkculrymepsg²etotedr smyul )anykrtwsþi «kmμ» edim,ibüa)alkarkitrbs;xø ÜnÉg. edim,irg;camc,ab;enh smyul )anerciserisminykkarsgswkpþal;xø Ün ehiytuk[tulakar CaGñkEsVgrkyutþiFm srmab;rubkat; k¾duccacnrgerkahdét etotedl)anttylrgkarqwcab;. smyul yl;exijfa vamingacetarycenahetkñúgkar elikelgetas[ Duc etahbica Duc xitxmttylsáal;karbit nigsmuetascasafarn³k¾eday. benßmbielikarbitedlfa Kat;)anTTYlrgeRKaHy:agxøaMgBIkarCab;XMuXaMg nigkarefiv TaruNkmμcMeBaHrUbKat; Duc KWCanimitþrUbtMNag[RbFanKuk tmbn;enakñ úgrbets. duecñh Kat;yl;eXIjfa karsmuetaskw Bi)aknwgGacTTYlyk)anNas;. Kat;)anyl;eXIj RsedogKñaeTAnwgviFIEdlemdwknaMCan;x<s;)anbdiesFkarBit nigminttylxusrtúvsrmab;givedl)anekitelig. qøgtamkarbipaksaxø IénPaBynþTaMgenH elak v:an;fan; ebadar:a )anbitggárbcmutamgenh edayeføggmnrkunetadl; GñkPUmi smacikrkúmrbwksaxmu nigemxmusacafμimþgetot. elak bwg ebn )anefivkarkt;smáal;cacugerkayrbs;kat; edaysgát;f n;etaelisarsmxan;rbs;tulakarexμrrkhm nig eliktwkcitþgñkpumirbs;kat;[culrymenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi. Kat;)anniyayfa manettamry³karyl;dwggmbidmenirkar nitivifib:uenñahedlgacefiv[cnrgerkahdwgbikarkat;etasfa etiyutþifm RbRBwtþeTAy:agdUcemþc. GñkcUlrYm)anyl;eXIjfa karrbcmuenhmanrbsit PaBkñúgkarrMB kdl;rbcacnkñúgrsuk[ykcitþtukdak;cmebah kargarrbs;tulakar CaBiesssarsMxan;énsMNMuerOg 002. exov FUc Gayu84qñaM EdlGeBa IjmkBIPUmiemTwk mangarmμn_fa karrbcmuenh)anpþl;dmnwg nigmanrbeyacn_ srmab;ekμgcmnan;erkay[yl;bipabexarexabigtitkal EdlnwgGacCYyTb;sáat;kMu[GMeBIRbl½yBUCsasn_ekIteLIg sacafiμmþgetot. siuri savina GñkPUmisYrsMNYrGMBIdMeNIrkarsvnakar mcämnðléksarkm<úca 31

34 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; karttyl)annuvyutþifm nigkarpshpsacati enakm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_ tcb; KN³kmμkaresu IbGegát edaysaretkn³kmμkaresvgrkkarbitgacbgá [manplb:hbal;myycmnyn ÉksarenHsUmelIksMeNICMnYs KN³kmμkarxagelIenHedayKN³kmμkaresuIbGegátEdl mantynatiesu IbGegátnigkt;RtaPaBsahavéRBépSEdlRbRBwtþ eligedayrbbexμrrkhm. RbsinebIraCrdæaPi)alkm<úCa cg;begáitkn³kmμkarebbenh R)akdCaTamTar[mankar ]btßmö karennam nig CMnYyBIshKmn_GnþrCati rymcamyy GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)almYycMnYndUcCamCÄmNÐlÉksarkm<úCa CaedIm. KN³kmμkarEbbenHGacseRmc)anyutþiFm tam karpshpsanigbegáinkarpshpsasgámtamry³karedahrsay elitidæpabmyycmnynedlrsedognwgekalbmngrbs;kn³ kmμkaresvgrkkarbitedr Etmin)antRmÚv[CnrgeRKaHnig Cnéddl;RbQmmuxCamYyKñaenaHeT. bbaðatimyyedlkn³kmμkaresuibgegátgacedah Rsay)anKWkgVHxatkMNt;RtaRbvtþisa sþ. enhmansar smxan;cmebahkarpshpsa nig yutþifm tamkarpshpsaya:gxøamg erbahvamantynatirsedognwgkn³kmμkaresvgrkkarbit kñúgkarttylsáal;b½t man skçikm~ nigkarkamrtdl;cnrg erkah. kbaøa lintun )anbn nafa sßanpabedll RbesIr bmputkwkn³km~karenhgacttylcmnyybifnfanedlman rycmkehiy duccatinñn½ycaercinsn wksn ab;rbs;;mcämnðléksarkm<úca nigg>v>t>k> kñúgkarbegáitca kmnt; «RtapøÚvkarmanPaBTUlMTUlay tulüpab niggacecocak;)an sþigmbirbvtþisa sþbc úb,nñd¾sahavexarexarbs;rbets km<úca. etahbicadmenirkarefvikmnt;rtarbvtþisa sþmin» RbesIrdUcCaGVIEdl lintun )ankittukk¾eday k¾kn³kmμkar esuibgegátenaetgacsermcekaledatibirrbs;xø ÜnEdr enahkw bmebjtrmúvkarpshpsakñúglkçn³cabukálducedlelak qamg yu )anrmb kmþgehiymþgetotfacaerogmyyedlbukál RKb;rUb RtÚveFVIedayxøÜnÉg. KN³kmμkaresuIbGegátGac CYydl;karpSHpSaTaMgCnrgeRKaH nigcnéddl; edaypþl;»kasdl;gñktamgenah[rbqmmuxedahrsaycamyygtit kalrbs;xøün nigbegáinpabsñit sñalcamyykña. enhkamrtdl; mtirbs; lintun Edl)anelIkeLIgfa RbCaCnExμrRKb; «rub>>>kyrrymcmenkkñúgkic RbwgERbgedIm,IbegáItCakMNt;RtaGMBI GtItkalrbs;xøÜnÉg edim,ikarpshpsaerkaybierogr:avtamg enah)anekitelig. kñúgdmenirkarefvikmnt;rtarbvtþisa sþ» enhpgedr KN³kmμkaresuIbGegátGacpþl;dMeNaHRsay dl;bbaðatibietot enahkwpþl;cemøiycak;lak;myydl;rbcacn km< úcafaetiehtugv I)anCarbbExμrRkhmmanlkçN³EbbenH. KN³kmμkaresuIbGegátGacbMeBj trmúvkarkñúgkaresvg «yl;bikarbitfaetiehtugvi)ancagñktamgenahrbrbwtþduecñh ehtugvierogr:avetacaebbenh ehiycemøiytamgenhnwgcmruj[ mankaresvgyl;gmbiesaknadkmμenhtamgmul.» fvid,itetkn³kmμkaresuibgegátminr)akdcagac pþl;cemøiytamgenhdl;mnussrkb;kña EtKN³km~karEsVg rkkarbitenhgaceliksþüykarpshpsatamry³kic RbwgERbg kñúgkarpþl;muldæanényutþifm tamkarpshpsadl;cnrgerkah k¾duccaculrymkñúgdmenirkarpshpsakñúgkrmitbukáledr. kar pshpsakñ úgkrmitbukálenhekiteligtamry³karculrymrbs;cn rgerkahedlttyl)ankarkamrtnigeliksþ ÜyedayKN³km~kar enh ehiymansarsmxan;kñúgdmenirkarpshpsaenhnas;. 32 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

35 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; krmitedlkarpshpsakñúglkçn³cabukálgacekiteligkñúg cmenamrbcacnrtúvemiletaelirbsit PaBénkic RbwgERbg kñúgkarpsbvpsaykñúgekalbmngbegáinkarculrymrbs;cn rgerkahkñúgkn³kmμkarenh. karpshpsakñúgkrmitbukál enhnwgcmruj[mankarpshpsakrmitshkmn_nigcatibenßm etot CaBiessenAeBlEdlshkarCamYynwgplRbeyaCn_ rbs;kn³kmμkaresuibgegátkñúgdmenirkarqanetarkkar GP½yeTasdl;Kña nigfatupsmtamgr)amrbs;va. KN³kmμkar enhgacbegá ItkarTTYlsÁal;GMBIkarBitedayCnéddl;sarPaB BITegVIrbs;xøÜn rymtamgkarbgðajvib,disarirbs;cnéddl; erbahfakarculrymedaysμ½rkcitþenhnwgefvi[cnéddl;edl RBmcUlrYmmankarPJak;rB kedayxøünég. eyagetatam krmiténkarpshpsakñúgkrmitbukáledlkn³kmμkaresuib GegátseRmc)an KN³kmμkarenHk¾manskþanuPaBkñúgkar nam[cnrgerkahbbaäb;karcgkmnumcamyycnéddl; EtEbrmk EsVgyl;GarmμN_Cnéddl;vij nigqanetadl;karsrmal etasdl;cnéddl;. etahcakn³kmμkaresuibgegátmingac sermc)anfatupsmtamgr)aménkargp½yetask¾eday k¾kn³ kmμkarenhy:agehacnas;gacsermc)anfatupsmmyycmnyn Edr ehiyenhnwgcmruj[mankarpshpsanigkarsþarsgám sacafμ I ehiybegá Inyutþ ifm EbbpSHpSay:agmanRbsiT PaB. kñúgxn³ebledlplrbeyacn_rbs;kn³kmμkar esuibgegátedlrtúv)anrmb keligenhekiteligedaysar skþanupabkñúgkarbegáinkarpshpsakñúgkrmitbukál KN³ kmμkarenhgacbegáinkarbipaksacasafarn³pgedr ehiy enhgaceliksþüykarpshpsakñúgkrmitcati. tfpabenh bgðaj[exijfa KN³kmμkarnHGacGnuvtþdMeNaHRsayBI elicuherkamnigbierkameligelirbs;karpshpsaercinkrmit EdlCaplRbeyaCn_mYyepSgeTotrbs;yutþiFm tamkar pshpsanigkarsþarsgámsacafμi. RbsiT PaBkñúgkarpþl;kar pshpsaercinkrmitrbs;kn³kmμkaresuibgegátenhk¾ttyl )ankarkamrtbikbaøa lintun Edr edaykat;)anghgagfaynþ karebbenhgaccyy[bukálnigsgámttyl)ankarpshpsanig sþareligvij RbsinebImankarKaMRTedaykmμviFIBüa)al rbyspøúvcitþ nigkmμvifipøas;bþúrtilmenakñúgfñak;muldæan. KN³kmμkaresuIbGegátenHk¾Gacpþl;plRbeyaCn_ benßmdl;shkmn_gnþrcatipgedr RbsinebIvaminRtwmEt RtÜtBinitüeTAelIsßanPaBkñúgRsúk Et)anrab;bBa ÚlnUvkar rymcmenkrbs;rbetstibiducca shrdægaemrik RbeTs evotnam nigrbetscincaedim. karrymbba ÚlEbbenHGaceRbI R)as;CaemeronmYydl;shKmn_GnþrCatiGMBIlkçxNÐEdl KYrykmkBicarNamuneBlRbeTsmYyseRmccitþeFV IGnþraKmn_ dl;rbetsmyyetotedlmangsßirpab nigvifankarrbesir bmputedlrbetsefv IGnþraKmn_KYrGnuvtþedIm,ICYysþar b begá It sßirpabdl;rbetsedlkmbugmanvibtþiépþkñúg. enhman sarsmxan;caxøamgerbahfadmenirbm)at;gananikm nigkar bba b;s gáamrtcak;bnþal[rdæékracüfμicaercinekitelig edaysaretmulehtuxus²kña duccapabmincuhsrmúgkña rvagvb,fm niggtþsbaøan nigkarkabsgát;etaelicncati PaKticEdlmanPaBTn;exSayCaedIm. racrdæapi)alkm< úca bbaðad¾fmbmputedlgacekitmaneligenakñúgrbets km<úcanaeblbc úb,nñ KWvb,Fm nitþnðpabniggmebibukrlyy EdlRtÚv)ankb;y:ageRCAkñ úgrdæapi)alenh. esckþ IENnaMCa ercin RtÚv)anelIkeLIgfaetIRtÚvedaHRsaybBaðaenHeday rebobna. etahcay:agnak¾eday esckþ IENnaMCaeRcInenH GacnwgmanRbsiT PaBnaeBlGnaKt. edim,ibicarnaerobcm «karrtütbinitüsaeligvijd¾smxan;myy nigkargpivdærbb½n yutþifm RBhμTNÐCatiEdlrYmbBa ÚlnUvekrdMENlrbs;GgÁ CMnMuCRmH karbbaäb;gmebibukrlyy nigkarcab;epþimbegáit[ mantmøapab TMnYlxusRtÚv nigrbsit PaB enakñ úgrbetsedl» erbóbbiduccaekvedlebkcabmenkmyyy KWhak;bIdUcCaesñI smuedim,ip ab;ekvedlebkenh edaybukálmñak;kyretcab;epþim pámúbmenkekvedlfmlμmnwggaceris)antamggs;enahrtlb; mcämnðléksarkm<úca 33

36 mkvij ehiybnþab; ;mkbitp ab;[cab;eligvij. karlubbm)at; GMeBIBukrlYyecjBIraCrdæaPi)alkñúgkal³eTs³GnþrkalenA kñúgrbvtþisa sþkm<úca KWminmanPaBR)akdRbCaeT ehiyva GacnwgvaybMEbkRKwHEdlrwgmaMEdlCaRbB½n KYr[eCOCak; nigs ats MenH)an KWeRbóbbIdUcCakMBugEtsakl,gkmøaMg rbs;ekvedlerbhrsamcamyynwgdmu\dæ. manehtuplcaercinedlfa kmentrmg;d¾mansar smxan;edim,ilubbm)at;vb,fm éntitþnðpab niggmebibukrlyy KWminTan;edaHRsay)anenAeLIyeTenAkñúgkal³eTs³enH. ehtupltimyy KWfaGtItkmμaPi)alExμrRkhmCaeRcInRtÚv)an pþl;kargar[edayrdæapi)al nigkmbugkan;tmengx<s;. vagac snμt)anfa bukálcaercintamggs;enhgacnwgbmebjtynati edaysarrbeyacn_pþal;xøün ehiynigminkamrtvifankaredl Gacdak;eTasGñkTaMgGs;enaHsRmab;karcUlrYmrbs;eKenA kñúgrbbexμrrkhmeliy. bbaðaenhk¾bgá[manpabsμúk sμajbnþetot edaysaretpabcrmúgcrmasénkarrbrbwtþ ]Rkidækmμ BIeRBaHmnusSCaeRcInGacrs;ranmanCIvitBIrbb ExμrRkhm)an edaysaretkarekarbetatamemdwknamcan; x<s;rbs;eketb:uenñah. kardkhuttmengrbs;bukáledl P½sþútag)anGHGagfa )anculrymkñúgkarrbrbwtþ]rkidækmμd¾kyr [TukcitþBIbTrMelaPTaMgRsugelIsiT imnussenah KWCadMeNIr kard¾sμúksμajryccaerscetaehiy ehiykarefivebbenhgac nwgefiv[manpabsμúksμajnaeblxagmux edaysaretsßan PaBneya)aykñúgRsuk. duecñh enakñúgsßanpabebbenh va minr)akdenaeliyet faetibukáltamggs;enhkyretrtúvdk huttmengecjbimuxgarkñúgkariyal½ysafarn³ BIeRBaH favagacb:hbal;dl;sißrpabéndmenirkarpshpsad¾gaynwgrg erkahfñak;enh edaysaretcmenatsyrbipabcrmúgcrmas énkarrbrbwtþ]rkidækmμ nigbibbaðafaetinrnakyretrtúv)an kat;etas nig[ttylxusrtúvsrmab;]rkidækmμrbs;rbb ExμrRkhm. TIBIr RbB½n tulakarxøünégpþal;k¾manpabbukrlyy EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; edaysaretvb,fm énnitþnðpabedr. fayl½r )anpþl; eyabl;fa shkmn_gnþrcatigacnwgsakl,gbnþgnuvtþ RkmnItiviFItamry³karpþl;nUvvKÁbMBak;bMb:ndl;RbeTsenH b:uenþrdæapi)alkm<úcagacnwgyl;exijfakarefivebbenh KWCa karb:hbal;dl;gfibetyüpabrbs;xøün ehiykarpþl;cun EbbenHGacnwgbNþal[manPaBGn;citþsaCafμImþgeTot cmebahshkmn_gnþrcati srmab;karbak;b½n rbs;rbetspaki TIbIenAkñúgneya)aykñúgRsukrbs;km<úCa Edly:agehac Nas;nwgbgá[manGsißrPaBdUcmunkm<úCaRbCaFibetyü RbsinebIedaHRsaytamry³karvilRtLb;mkvijnUvrbb ercinebbepsg²rbs;rbetspakitibienh. ehtuplmyy etotedlesckþiennamenhtmngcamingaccyygiv)annaebl enh KWedaysarEtPaBRkIRkEdlminGacTb;sáat;)ankñúg TUTaMgRbeTskm<úCa duecñhvamintmngfa karsiusmnukkñúgepñk tulakar b Epñkm nþib:ulisgacnwgbbaäb;)anet. srmab;gmebibukrlyyedlnwggacrtúv)anedah RsayenaH kic xitxmrbwgerbglubbm)at;rtúvetedirgmca myykñanwgkarrikcerminlutlas; nigkmeninesdækic EdlTam Tar[mankarvinieyaKTunbreTs. naeblenh mancmnab; GarmμN_tictYcNas;sRmab;RbeTsdéTelIvis½yvinieyaK TunkñúgRbeTskm<úCa RsbeBlEdlmankarecaTRbkan;BIGMeBI BukrlYyrbs;rdæaPi)al. naeblgnakt CMhanEdlCa nimitþsbaøamyyedim,ilubbm)at;gmebibukrlyy GacnwgRtÚv)an GnuvtþedayrdæaPi)alkm<úCaedIm,IbegáInkarvinieyaKTun brets. b:uenþtrmúvkargatipabcm,gbmputrbs;rdæapi)al naeblbc úb,nñ KWRtÚv «bitbmenkekvedlebkenahrymkña saeligvij» erbóbbiduccadmenirkarpshpsaedlmanercin lmdab;fñak; nigkarksagsgámcatisacafμi. eday epþatkarykcitþtukdak;etaeliekaledatamgenh CMenOTukcitþ rbs;rbcablrdænwgkøaycagatipabcm,gmyypgedr. ehiykarbegááincmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdægacnwgcyy begáinnuvcmenotukcitþrbs;gnþþrcatielirdæapi)alkm<úcavijpg 34 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

37 I EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; Edr manb½t manbenßmetotenaxagerkam. duecñh edim,i[ GMeBIBukrlYy nigvb,fm nitþnðpabedlnwgrtúvedahrsay )anenah kic xitxmrbwgerbglubbm)at;rtúvetedirtnþwmkñanwg karrikcerminlutlas;vis½yesdækic. ktþatamgbirenh RtÚv EtTTYlkarKaMRTedaymUldæanRKwHénCMenOTukcitþrbs; RbCaBlrdæEdlCalT plnwgnam[mankarksagsgámcati saeligvijnigkic xitxmrbwgerbgsrmab;yutþifm tamry³kar pshpsa. karksagsgámcatisaeligvij edim,i[karsßabnasgámcatieligvijgacnwgekit eligenah yutþifm tamkarpshpsartúvet)anpþl;[tamry³ karbrgwgkarpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;. y:agna mij munnwgyutþ ifm tamkarpshpsagacnwgmanrbsit PaBenaH briyakasénpabp½yxøacrtúvetedahrsayedim,ibegáit[ mansßanpabneya)ayebikcmhmyyedlmankarbipaksa edaypabesμahrtg; nigkarceckevkejkelirbfanbtfa etimangivxøh)anekitelig nigfaetiynþkarbitr)akdsrmab; GtItkalenHGacbMeBjtYnaTI)anedayRbsiT PaB edim,i RbqaMgnwgvb,Fm nitþnðpab)anedayrebobna. RbsinebI minedahrsaybriyakasénpabp½yxøacetenah kmμvifi srmab;sgámcati nigkmnitpþücepþimedlbegáiteligedim,ibrgwg yutþifm tamkarpshpsa nigkarpshpsar)akdcaminman RbsiT PaBeLIy. sßanpabebbenhmincam)ac;rtúvetbegááit eligsrmab;kmμvifisgámcati edim,iefiv[mandmenirkarvivtþ eq<ahetamuxenahet BIeRBaHkmμviFIsgÁmCatiGacnwgBRgwgdl; PaBR)akdRbCarbs;sßanPaBneya)ay)an. bnþab;mk karkekitelignuvsßanpabneya)ayenh RtÚvEtENnaM[ sáal;edayrdæapi)al EdlkareFIVEbbenHGactRmÚv[man esckþieføgkarn_tictyctametgacefiv)an tamry³m nþirdæa Pi)aledIm,IKaMRTsßanPaBneya)ayebIkcMhenH nigefiv[ esckþ IEføgkarN_TaMgenHpSBVpSayenAkñ úgsarb½t manedim,iefv [RCÜtRCabeTAkñ úgrblwgcati. esckþ IEføgkarN_enHRtÚv)an efiveligtamry³karrihkn;rbs;semþc h un Esn BIrbbExμr Rkhm nig]rkidækmμedlexμrrkhmrbrbwtþ b:uenþkaryl;dwg enhxvhxatnuvpabesμahrtg; nigpabr)akdrbca ebibicarna etaeliesckþ IGHGagxagelIrbs;elaknaykrdæm nþ ITak;Tgnwg karbnüardmenirkarrbs;tulakar. duecñh kic xitxmrbwgerbg benßmrtúvetefiveligedim,ibgðajbibbaøtþirbs;rdæapi)al Tak;TgnwgsßanPaBneya)ayebIkcMhEbbenH nigedim,i bgðajnuvkarykcitþtukdak;d¾esμahrtg; nigbitr)akkñúgkar pþl;nuvyutþifm dl;cnrgerkahrbs;km<úcarbcafibetyü. karbgábegáitebskkmμesiubgegát KWCakmμviFImYyeFIVeLIgkñúg ekalbmngcmrujyutþifm tamkarpshpsa[etamuxcamyynwg RbeyaCn_énkarTTYlsÁal;TukçevTnarbs;CnrgeRKaH nigkar pshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;ducedl)anelikeligxag eli. ebskkmμebbenhrtúvkarkmμvifiedlcab;bak;b½n eday mankarkamrtbiemdwknamkm<úca EdlGñkTaMgenaHGac «erobcm sikçasalaedim,iesvgyl;faetitmenomtmøab;rbcacnkm<úca nigsasnarbhbut GacnwgmandMeNIrkarkñúgyuT sa sþrymmyy edim,ielikkm<s;karpshpsa)anedrb y:agna». benßmeli enh lintun )ankt;smáal;bi «PaBcaM)ac;edIm,IGPivDÆynþkar EsVgrkkarBitmYy EdlynþkarxøÜnÉgpÞal;enHk¾min)an sakl,genakñúgkarbiesafn_epñkneya)ay nigsgámpget pþúyetavijebrcartúv)anramgsþhedaybbaðastigarmμn_ nigkmμvifisßabnasgámedlrtúverbir)as;skþanublpab y:agfmefgrbs;sasnarbhbut». duecñh kmμvifisgámedlep keligñkekarbsasna RBHBuT KYrEtRtÚv)anbegá IteLIgedaymankarKaMRTBIrdæaPi)al nigggákarerkardæapi)aledim,itajykrbeyacn_biekal karn_sasnarbhbut EdlminGacpøas;bþÚr)aneLIyenAkñúg vb,fm Exμr. CamYyKñaenH ekalkarn_caercinenh)anpþl; nuvkarlygelamcitþdl;cnrs;ran;mancivitbirbbexμrrkhm. ducedl lintun )anerobrab; vb,fm km<úca nigtmenomtmøab; sasnarbhbut KWCam as;karelilt PaBénkarpSHpSarbs; mcämnðléksarkm<úca 35

38 bukál nigrbs;shkmn_)any:agfmefg. ducedlgñkeqøiy tbmñak;)anniyaysgát;f n;fa «KμanGIVRbesIrCagkareRbI R)as;karbgðat;beRgónrbs;RBHBuT CamUldæanRKwHmYysRmab; pshpsacatienahet». tamry³karerbir)as;karbgðat; bergónrbs;rbhbut CamUldæanmYysRmab;karpSHpSa nig KMnitpþÜcepþImyutþiFm tamkarpshpsa enahkmμvifisrmab;sgám nwgbicarnaelivb,fm rbs;km< úcakñ úgnamcasgámmingars½y elirbetselakxaglic ehiynwggacefiv[b:hbal;dl;civit rs;enarbs;rbcacnkm<úca CaBiess «k,ünc,ab;kñúgtmbn;én karrkb;rkg karkat;bnßy nigedahrsaycemøah». kmμvifi TaMgGs;enH KYrEtrYmbBa ÚlemdwknaMsasnaRBHBuT BIeRBaHfa karkamrtrbs;emdwknamtamgenahgacnwgdak;benßmnuvfmμanurub etakan;smelgd¾s b;s at;rbs;gñkpþ Ücepþ ImKMnitsasnaRBHBuT. lintun )anbgðajesckþiennamrbhak;rbehlkñaetakan; esckþibba b;enh edayennamfa «shkmn_edlcab;garmμn_ GacRtÚv)an pþl;cmnyyedim,ierobcmdmenirkarksagcmenotukcitþ nigkaredahrsaycemøahmyyedlerbir)as;ekalkarn_ rbs;rbhbut EdlRtÚv)anepþatkarykcitþTukdak;elIRBHvihar nigrtúvdwknameday mnusscas;kñúgpumi. edaysaretsasnarbhbut KWCavtþmand¾zitezr myyenakñúgvb,fm Exμr enahkarkamrtrbs;emdwknamsasna RBHBuT GacnwgmanRbeyaCn_y:ageRcInedIm,InaMyknUvkar pshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarksagsgámcatielig vijenakñúgrbetskm<úca. ehtuduecñh GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al KYrEtGMBavnav[emdwknaMsasnaRBHBuT enakñúgsgámkm<úca elikkm<s;karbüa)alrbys nigkarksagsgámenakñúgfñak; shkmn_ nigbukál nigcalt plkñúgfñak;cati. CamYyKñaenHEdr rdæapi)alkm<úca KYrEtsMNUmBrsMu CMnYyBIGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al edim,ibipaksaevkejk nigrtüt BinitüfaetIEbbbTénsMNgxUcxatGIVEdlnwgmanRbeyaCn_ nigbitr)akdbmputkñúgkarelikkm<s;yutþifm Gnþþrkal nig karksagsgámcatieligvij. CamYyKñaenH smngxucxat EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; CaTwkR)ak;KWminmanPaBBitR)akd b minrtúv)anesñ I[eFI VeLIg edaysarehtuplbiry:aget. ehtupltimyykwfa smngxut xatcatwkr)ak;minrtúv)anttylsáal;edayvb,fm ehiy RbCaCnkm<úCaminRtÚvkarsMNgxUcxatCaTwkR)ak;enHeT. ehtupltibir etahbicasmngxucxatcatwkr)ak;kwcaekal bmngfmk¾eday k¾vamingacefivetaryceliysrmab;rdæapi)al Edr. edim,ipþl;smngtamgenah GIVEdlrdæaPi)alGacnwgpþl; [)anenah TMngCaminGacpþl;CaRbeyaCn_dl;CnrgeRKaH eliy BIeRBaHfasMNgxUcxatEbbenH RtÚv)anEbgEckeTA [Cnrs;ranmanCIvitTaMgGs; edaymincam)ac;niyaygmbikar pþl;casmngxucxatcatwkr)ak;srmab;gñkedlsøab;enahet. etahbicasmngxucxatedayhirbaøvtßúcalt PaBmYyEdl GacnwgekIteLIgk¾eday k¾bbaðaénsmngxucxatcatwkr)ak; srmab;gñkedl)an)at;bg;civitkñ úgrbbkm< úcarbcafibetyü TMngCabgá[manclaclkñúgsgÁmsIuvil nigbgá[mankarxwg sm,acmebahrdæapi)al BIeRBaHfakarpþl;sMNg[smaCik RKÜsarCMnYsmux[GñkEdl)an)at;bg;CIvitenaH Gacnwgcat; TukfaCakarRbmafmYyelICnrs;ranmanCIvit. BYkeKTMng GacnwgmanGarmμN_fa enhkwcakarrbmafd¾bitr)akdmyy Edlmann½yfardæaPi)aledjéføelIGayuCIvitrbs;mnusS CaTIRsLaj;EdlCasmaCikRKÜsarrbs;eK. duecñh smng xucxatkñúgrbetskm<úca KYrEtmancritlkçN³CadMeNIrkar pshpsa nimitþsbaøa b EbbsIlFm EdlmaneKaledAedIm,I bnþkarksagsgámcatieligvij nignamyknuvyutþifm Gnþr kaldl;cnrgerkahrbs;;rbbexμrrkhm. eyagtamesovepasþibismngxucxat Baküfa «smngxucxat» tamn½ytulakar)andak;bba ÚlEbbbTén karcysculcaercinsrmab;cnrgerkahénbtelμis rymman karpáúmeligvij smng nitism,ta nigesckþiebjcitþ nigkar FanaTb;sáat;min[mankarekIteLIgénbTelμIsenHmþgeTot eliy. pabøú DW háihv CMTas;fa dmenahrsayyutþafikar cmebahyutþifm enh KWCabBaðalM)ak BIeRBaHvamaneKaledA 36 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

39 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; edahrsayetkrnidac;edayelkminr)akdetb:uenñah. edayelk elakk¾)ankamrtfa yutþifm KYrEtBicarNaBIkar sermc[)annuvekaledabikw³ karttylsáal;cmenotukcitþrbs; RbCaBlrdæ nigsamkáipabrrbs;sgám. kmμvifiksagelig vij nigsmngxucxatkñúgrbetskm<úca KYrEtedIrtYedayrYmCa myynwgekalbmngénkarsermcnuvekaledatamgbienh BI erbahecakc½yrbs;ekalbmngtamgenhnwgcyykamrty:ag smxan;dl;bbaøtþirbs;yutþifm tamebbpshpsadl;cnrgerkah k¾duccaelik km<s;dl;karpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak; karsßabnasgámcatitamgrsug nigyutþifm Gnþrkal. tam ry³karbegáitekaledaénkmμvifismngxucxattamggs;enh smngxucxatkwtmngcanammknuvyutþifm Gnþrkal nigkar sßabnasgámcatieligvijdl;sgámkm<úcad¾rtúdertam. DW háihv GHGagfa smngxucxat RtÚvEtTTYlsÁal; zan³rbs;cnelμisfacarbcablrdæ BIeRBaHfaeKaledArbs; yutþifm Gnþrkal KWRbKl; b begáitzan³carbcablrdædl; CnelμIs. cmenkéekaledarbs;kmμvifismngxucxatvij KWedIm,IbnþEsVgrkyutþiFm Gnþrkal. y:agnamij munnwgcn elμisgacnwgrtúvttylsáal;carbcablrdæ GñkTaMgGs;enH RtÚvEt)anTTYlsÁal;Ca «mnussedlmingaccmnys nigpøas;bþúr» )an. duecñh rdæapi)alkyretttylsáal; minrtwmet GñkTaMgLayNaEdlrgplb:HBal;edayrbbExμrRkhmfa CaRbCaBlrdæ nigpþl;[kat;nuvsit ienhetb:uenñahet b:uenþ rdæapi)alkyretttylsáal; nigekarbrbcacnkm<úcarkb;rub TaMgGs;faCaÉktþbuKÁl nigmanrbeyacn_dl;sgámkm<úca. enhk¾rtúv)ankamrtedaykarttylsáal; nigkarrihkn;rbs; semþc h un Esn BIrbbExμrRkhm nig]rkidækmμedlexμrrkhm )anrbrbwtþ edayttylsáal;nuvtukçevtnarbs;cnrgerkah etahbicamanbbaðaecateligducedl)anelikeligbimun Tak;TgnwgesckþIEføgkarN_enHk¾eday. karttylsáal;enh GacnwgRtÚv)anbnþRCÜtRCabbEnßmeTot tamry³karcmruj[ mankic xitxmrbwgerbgedlrdæapi)al nigggácmnm ucrmhvisambaø kñ úgtulakarkm< úca kmbugetbüayamnamyknuvyutþ ifm [RbeTs km<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_. edaysaretsmngxucxatsßitenakñúgebbbtén kartttylsáal;ebbenhrycerscetaehiyenah vamann½yfa kmμvifismngxucxatrbkbedayecakc½y nigrbsit PaBnwg TTYlsÁal;CnelμIsfaCaRbCaBlrdæ nigmnussedlmingac CMnYs)an. duecñh rdæapi)alkm<úcakyretbegáitkmμvifisgám EdlGnuBaØat[Gñkral;KñaEdlcg;cUlrYmTTYl)an»kasenH. karefivebbenh GaceFIV)antamry³KMnitpþÜcepþþImEdlRtÚv)an erobcmeligedayggákarerkardæapi)al tamry³karefivcaéd KUrbs;GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al duccamcämnðléksarkm<úca edim,ierobcmkmnitpþ Ücepþ Imfμ ImYy. CamYyKñaEdr karefi VEbbenH GaceFIVeLIg)anedayrdæaPi)alEtÉkÉg edaymankar ]btßmökamrtbiggákarerkardæapi)albirebobedlrtúvbnþdmenir karenh. KMnitpþÜcepþImTaMgenHKYrEtmanEcgnUvGIVEdl elak qamg yu )ancat;tukfacatrmúvkarcam)ac;srmab;cnrgerkah kñúgekalbmngesvgrk «nrnamñak;edlbitcagacsþab;nuv erogr:avrbs;cnrgerkahtamggs;enah» )an BIeRBaHfaenAeBl EdlGñksþab;erOgr:avrbs;eK vabitcamanrbeyacn_. enh Gacpþl;[CnrgeRKaHnUvkarTTYlsÁal; nigkarkamrt EdlCa trmúvkarcam)ac;birrbs;cnrgerkah srmab;yutþifm Gnþr kal. elisbienhetaetot karpþl;nuvkarttylsáal;enh k¾nwg bnþdmenirkaryutþifm tamebbgnþrkal. CamYYyKñaenHEdr ebskkmμesiubgegátmyygacnwgpþl;nuvkarttylsáal; nig karkamrtenh ehiynwgcyybrgwgsμartiénpabmantémørbs; CnelμIs tamry³karttylsáal;bitukçlm)akevtnaedlek )anqøgkat; bnþalmkbiskmμpabedlrbqamgelixøünek kñúgnamcamnussedlmingaccmnys)an. karttylsáal;enh RtÚv)anBRgwgbEnßmedaykarFana[mansßanPaBneya)ay ebikcmhmyyedl)anelikeligxageli EdlenHGacnwgBRgwg sμartiénpabmantémørbs;cnelμistamry³karttylsáal;bi TukçlM)akevTnarbs;eK. sbaøanénpabmantémørbs;xøün mcämnðléksarkm<úca 37

40 EdlbNþalmkBICnelμIsRtÚv)anTTYlsÁal;edayRbeTs xøünfacamnussedlmingaccmnys)an nigcarbcablrdæenah GacnwgRtÚv)anBRgwgtamry³sMNgxUcxatdUcCakareFIV[ cgcamedaypþl;nuvkarttylsáal;rbs;caticmebahtukçlm)ak evtnaebbenah. CamYyKñaenH smngxucxatrtúvetbüayampshpsa b begáitcmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdæedlelak DW háihv cat; TukfaCaCMenOTukcitþkñúgcMeNamRbCaBlrdæEdlCasmaCik rbs;shkmn_neya)ayduckña. ehtuduecñh smngxuc xatenhsnμtfa smacikd¾sñit sñalenh nwgeckrmelkekal karn_duckña nigcmnab;garmμn_énkargnuvtþrbs;ekalkarn_ TaMgenH. CMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ KWCaktþabMlas;bþ Úr nig CamuxsBaØaénCMenOTukcitþelIsßab½nc,ab;EdlKaMRTBIsarsMxan; énkarykcitþtukdak;cm,gbmputrbs;rdæapi)alkm< úca nigepþat karykcitþtukdak;etaelikarpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvij edaycat;tukcmenotukcitþ enhfacadmnak;kaldmbugkñ úgkarpþl;nuvyutþ ifm Gnþrkal munnwg lubbm)at;gmebibukrlyy nigvb,fm nitþnðpab BIeRBaHfaRbCa BlrdæRtÚvEteCOCak;fa enaebledlektamggs;kñaraykarn_ BIbT]Rkidækmμ enahrbb½n c,ab;nwgpþl;nuvlt pld¾siusgvak; KñamYy edim,iedahrsaygakb,kiriyarmelapbtdæanedl RtÚv)anraykarN_enaH. y:agnamij bbaøtþirbs;yutþifm GnþrkalnwgBRgIkCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæenH EdlCa muldæanrkwhsrmab;karlubbm)at;gmebibukrlyy nigvb,fm nitþnðpab tamry³karbegááit nigbgðajkarefiveligmundmbug ekbg s;fa ]RkidækmμRtÚvEtpþnÞaeTas. karefivebbenh RtÚv EtseRmc)anmYyEpñktamry³kareqøIytbrbs;GgÁCMnMu CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa cmebah]rkidækmμrbs;exμr Rkhm ehiysmngxucxatkyretrtúv)anerbir)as; edim,i CMruj[mancritlkçN³énCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ nigedim,ielikkm<s;karsßabnasgámcatieligvij nigyutþifm Gnþrkal. EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; edaysaretsmngxucxatenh KWCakarqøúHbgðaj myy[exijfa RbeTsCati nigrbcablrdæd¾si ñtsñalrbs;ek BitCamanPaBR)akdRbCacMeBaHkic xitxmrbwgerbgedim,ipþl; nuvpabesμikña nigkarekarbcnrgerkahenah smngxucxat Gacnwgbegá In[manCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ k¾duccacmruj [mankarpshpsa nigyutþifm Gnþrkal)an. rdæapi)alkyret Fana[)anfa KMniténPaBR)akdRbCaenH RtÚv)anyl;dwg nigrcütrcab;edayrbcacn. CamYyKñaEdr rdæapi)alkyret culrym RbsinebIRtÚv)anesñ IsM u kñ úgrkúmtmnak;tmngsafarn³ edim,ibegáityut nakarsarb½t manrymmyyedlgacpsbvpsay KMnitenHRbkbedayRbsiT PaB. benßmelienh RbsinebI smngxucxatbegá InCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ enahvak¾gac nwgcmruj[manpabrybrymkñacamyynwgrdæapi)al tamry³ mefüa)ayrbs;bbaøtþiénpabesμikñasrmab;rbcablrdætamg Gs;. PaBrYbrYmenHminRtwmEtBRgwgkarpSHpSaCati nigkar sßabnasgámcatieligvijb:uenñahet EtvaEfmTaMgpþl;nUv yutþifm Gnþrkal edaykarelikkm<s;[manlt PaBlT i RbCaFibetyüEdlGacekIteLIg)an. duecñh kmμvifismngxucxatenarbetskm<úca KYrEt CMruj[mansμartIénCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæEdlGaceFIV eta)antamry³esckþiennamrbs;kmμvifisgámep kelirbhbut sasnaedl)anelikeligrycehiyxageli edaysarkarkus bba ak;eliekalkarn_rbhbut EdlKaMRTkarpSHpSaEdlman ercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvij. CamYy KñaenH CMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæGacnwgRtÚv)anBRgwg edayesckþiennamrbs;ebskkmμesiubgegátedl)anelik eligxageli BIeRBaHfaKMnitpþÜcepþImEbbenHGacnwgbgðaj[ exijfa rdæapi)albitcamanpabr)akdrbcakñúgkarekarb dl;tukçlm)akevtnarbs;rbcablrdætamggs;edayesμipabkña nigk¾edaysaretkmnitpþücepþimenhgacnwgefiv[mankarcab; epþimdmbugbg s;edl)anelikeligxagelifa rdæapi)alnwg eqøiytbetanwg]rkidækmμedlrtúv)anrbrbwtþelirbcablrdæ 38 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

41 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; TaMgenH. bbaøtþitamgenhgacnwgbegáincmenotukcitþrbs;rbca BlrdæcMeBaHRbB½n rdæapi)al ehiynwgbrgwg³ yutþifm tamebbpshpsaedaypþl;nuvkarttyl sáal;karefivskçikmμ nigkar]btßmödl;gñktamglayedlrg erkahedayrbbexμrrkhm. karksagsgámcatieligvij tamry³karttyl sáal;témøesμikñarbs;bukálrkb;rub nigpþl;nuvevtikabipaksa srmab;karpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;. yutþifm tamebbgnþrkaltamgrsugtamry³kar BRgwgTsSn³énlT irbcafibetyü nigdmenirkarrbcafib etyümyy. samkáipabrbs;sgámrtúv)ancat;tukfaca «crit lkçn³énpabeyakyl;kñamyyrbeptrbs;gñktamglay NaEdlmanGtþcrit nigqnþ³bikmenitedlgacdwgbigarmμn_ GñkdéT». samkáipabenh KWbNþalmkBIsmtßPaBEdlGac mantssn³minlem ógmyy enaeblvinicä½ybiskmμpabrbs; GñkdéT. samkáipabenh k¾rtúv)ancat;tukfamansarsmxan; srmab;yutþifm Gnþrkal BIeRBaHfaPaBminlem óg KWCa lkçxnðmy Yyy:agsMxan;sRmab;PaByutþ ifm. enakñ úg\riyabfduckñaedlfa CMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdænwgGnuvtþeTA tamkarttylsáal; enahsamkáipabrbs;sgámnwggnuvtþeta tamcmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdæ. edaysaretehtupl enhehiy etibsamkáipabrbs;sgámminemncaekaledad¾sm ehtuplmyysrmab;smngxucxat edim,isermc[)anena kñúgbribtenhet edaysaretkgvhxaténpabecotukcitþrbs; RbCaBlrdærbs;RbeTskm<úCanaeBlbc úb,nñ. smngxuc xatgacnwgpþl;nuvsamkáipabrbs;sgám nigkyretbicarna edim,iefivduecñh xn³ebledlcmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdæ RtÚv)anBRgwg. y:agnamij PaBxusRbRktImYyKWkMBugEtekItman eligenakñúgdmenirkarvivtþetamuxrbs;ekaledatamgbienh CaBiessKWfa samkáipabrbs;sgámhak;biduccamanvtþman enakñúgrbetskm<úca etahbicamankgvhxaténcmenotukcitþ rbs;rbcablrdæd¾kyr[rbüy)armök¾eday. PaBxusRbRktI enhrtúv)anbgðajedaygñkpþl;btsmöasn_edlcacnrg erkahrbs;rbbexμrrkhm CaCagCnéddl;EdlCaCnrgeRKaH EdrenaH. KμanGtItCnrgeRKaHNamñak;eCOfa Cnéddl;Edl kmbugrs;enakñúgpumirbs;eksmnwgrtúv)anpþnþaetasenahet. ]TahrN_ tam ét GñkCitxagrbs; hium h uy )anniyayfa hium h uy minkyrrtúv)anpþnþaetaset BIeRBaH hium h uy RKan;EteFIVtambBa ab:uenñah. kñúgtidæpabebbenh kar vinicä½yrbs; tam ét cmebahgakb,kiriyarbs; hium h uy )an efivca]tahrn_énvtþmansamkáipabrbs;sgám BIeRBaHfa tam ét Gacnwgyl;BImuxgarrbs; hium h uy nigyl;bi]rkidækmμ Edl hium h uy RbRBwtþ edaysaretmuxgaredl hium h uy RtÚvbMeBj. y:agnamij vakyretrtúv)ankt;smáal;famin EmnCnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;eTEdlKitfa Cnéddl;minKYrRtÚv pþnþaetasedaysarehtuplenhenaheliy. CagenH Gñkpþl; btsmöasn_caercinkñúgcmenamgñktamgenh)anniyayca safarn³fa Tuk[TNÐkmμrbs;Cnéddl;TaMgenHGaRs½yelI plkmμrbs;ekcuh. ]TahrN_ mmu saeron )anniyayfa RbsinebInrNamñak;enAkñúgPUmirbs;nagsmnwgRtÚvTTYlTNÐ kmμenah nagnwgdak;tnðkmμbykekedayxøünégyurnas;mk ehiy. ehtuduecñhehiy CnelμIsEdlrs;enAkñúgPUmirbs; nagnwgrbqmmuxnwgkardak;tnðkmμrbs;xøün. karefiv[cgcam KWRtÚv)anpþl;[edaymCÄmNÐl GnþrCatisRmab;yutþiFm Gnþrkal ICTJ EdlCaKMnitpþÜc epþimmyykñúgcmenamkmnitpþþücepþimtamgr)am edim,icyypát;pág;kñúg dmenirkarsermcnuvyutþifm Gnþrkal. karefiv[cgcamenh k¾cakermagmyyd¾manpabsμúksμajedlgaccyypát;pág;dl; karksagsgámcatieligvijpgedr. karcgcamkyretrtúv )anbegáiteligedim,icmrujdl;karttylsáal;rbs;rdæapi)al farbcacnkm<úcacaéktþbukálnigcarbcablrdæ. CamYyKña enhedr karcgcamenhkyretrtúv)anbegá IteLIgedIm,IBRgIkCMenO mcämnðléksarkm<úca 39

42 Tukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ edaybgðajbipabr)akdrbcarbs; rdæapi)alkm<úcatamgbikarrbrbwtþcmebahrbcablrdærbs;xøün edayesμipab nigesckþiekarb. ehiyvak¾nwgbgðajbikar edahrsay Gakb,kiriyarMelaPelIbTdæan nig]rkidækmμ RbqaMgnwgRbCaBlrdæTaMgenHpgEdr. tamry³kar[ eqμahfμidl;dgvifi karbegáitkarcgcam nigkarbmebjkmnitpþüc epþiménkarcgcamepsgetot enahsgámkm<úcanwgpþl;karttyl sáal;dl;gñktamglaynaedlenars;ranmancivitbirbbexμr Rkhmpþl;kitþiysdl;GñkEdl)an)at;bg;CIvitkñúgGMLúg km<úcarbcafibetyü nigcyybegáitnuvkmnt;rtarbvtþisa sþ nigkaryl;dwgsrmab;shkmn_gnþrcati tamry³karpsay B½t mancunepjóvetscrn_bikarcgcamenh. rdæapi)alkm<úca KYrEtshkarCamYynwgsarB½t manedim,icmruj[mancmnab; GarmμN_kñúgvis½yeTscrN_BIkarcgcaM EdlvaGacCMruj[ mankarvinieyaktunbrets nigkargpivdæelivis½yesdækic. enhbgðaj[exijsacafμimþgetotfa kic xitxmrbwgerbgrbs; rdæapi)alkñúgkarbegáincmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdærtúvet edirmunkarlubbm)at;gmebibukrlyy nigpabtak;tgkñanwgkar GPivDÆvis½yesdækic rbs;rdæapi)alenh BIeRBaHfakic xit xmrbwgerbgedim,ibegá InCMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæ duccakar efiv[cgcam nwgcmruj[mandmenirkargpivdævis½yesdækic. ehiykñúgry³eblenah karlubbm)at;gmebibukrlyygacnwg ekiteligrsbkñaedr. plrbeyacn_vis½ygb;rménkarcgcam EbbenHminKYreFIVeLIgedayminmankarkt;RtaTukenaHeT. ehiykarcgcamenh KYrEtRtÚv)aneRbIR)as;kñúgkmμviFIsikSa tamvitüal½y edim,ibrgikbtbiesafn_énkarsiksabirbbexμr Rkhmrbs;yuvCnkm<úCa. etahbicabi)ak nigminmanrbsit PaBedaysarEt kgvhxatkarpsbvpsaybikarkekitelig nigsarsmxan;bikarcg camenh[tulmtulayk¾eday k¾bc úb,nñenh mankic xitxmrbwg ERbgkarbegá ItkarcgcaMkñ úgrbetskm< úcaedr. karcgcammyy kñúgcmenamkarcgcamtamggs;enhkwenaéf TI20 ]spa EdlCa EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; «TivacgkMhwg» RbcaMqñaMrbs;RbeTskm<úCa. kñúgqñam2008 RbCaCnkm<úCaRbmaNBIBan;nak; )anculrymkarr)arb rmb k xybénéf enhenabucniydæanecigék EdlCasarmnÞIrRbl½y BUCsasn_nigCaGtItvalBiXatrbs;ExμrRkhm. enatienah sissanusiss)anerobcmkarsemþgeligvijén]rkidækmμsahav yg;xñgedlrbrbwtþedayrbbexμrrkhm edim,irmb kbicivit Edl)an)at;bg;kñúgrbbenaH. y:agnamij egceqsun kt;smáal;fa «CaeRcInqñaMknøgmkenH RbCaCn)anTTYlsÁal; y:agc,as;bicritlkçn³kñúgepñkneya)ayénkarrbtibtþi tambbaøtþisasnarbs;m nþirdæapi)al ehiykarculrymkan; EtmancMnYntictYcedIm,IbBa ÚlCMenOTukcitþelIKNbkSdwknaM PaKeRcIn nigk¾duccacmenotukcitþetaeligñkedlculrymkar R)arB BiFIenHkñúgeKalbMNgerobcMTmøab;énkareKarBdUnta tamebbsasnacaékcnmyy. duecñh rdæapi)alrtúvet pþl;nuvkic xitxmrbwgerbgénkarefiv[cgcamedlelikeligxag eli eday\riyabfr)akdrbca nigesμahrtg;edim,ipþl;kitþi ysdl;cnrgerkahcmnys[karbnþrebobvar³ebbneya)ay rbs;xøün. kic xitxmrbwgerbgénkarefiv[mankarcgcamtamgenh KWBitCamansarsMxan;kñ úgkarbnþdmenirkarpshpsacati BIeRBaH vanwgcyyefiv[cnrgerkahk¾duccacnéddl;ttylsáal;gtit kal. RbsinebIkarcgcaMRtÚv)anerobcMeFI VeLIgedayrebob erobry enahvanwggackamrtdl;bbaøtþirbs;yutþifm tamebb pshpsakñúgrbetskm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_)an. karbegáinkarculrymrbs;cnrgerkah KYrEtRtÚvcat; TukfaCaGaTiPaBcm,gbMput BIeRBaHfaRbsinebIKμankarcUl rymrbs;cnrgerkahrbs;exμrrkhm TaMgCnrgeRKaHEtÉkÉg b Cnéddl;rbs;CnrgeRKaH enahyutþifm tamebbpshpsa mingacrtúv)anpþl;[bykekeliy EdlCaktþanaM[raraMgdl; dmenirkarpshpsaercinkrmitpgedr. karculrymrbs;cnrg erkahrtúvet)ancmrujbegáinelig tamry³smngxucxat CaBiesskmμviFIsgÁmEdlelIkkm<s;dl;karBüa)alrbYs nigkarpshpsacaercinlmdab;fñak; KMnitpþÜcepþIménkareFIV[man 40 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

43 I EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; karcgcam edaypþl;kitþiys[cnrgerkah karttylsáal;pab QWcab;rbs;CnrgeRKaH nigesckþ IseRmcEdlRtÚv)anbegá In eligedayggácmnm ucrmhvisambaøkñ úgtulakarkm< úca nigrdæapi)al edaymancmnyybiggákarerkardæapi)alducca mcämnðl Éksarkm<úCaCaedIm edim,i[cnrgerkahculrymkñúgdmenir karepñkc,ab; nigy:agehacnas;bgðajrbcacnkm<úcafa rdæapi)albitcamanpabr)akdrbcabikarpþl;nuvyutþifm tam tulakar EdlCakic eqøiytbnwg]rkidækmμedlrbrbwtþrbqamg eliektamggs;kña. eyagtamsemþcnaykrdæm nþ I h un Esn GñkTaMgLayNaEdlekIteRkayqñaM1979 «enaetttyl bnþúkf n;f r>>>eckrmelk. edaymanpllm)akkñúgkarksag sgámsaeligvijbiqñamsunü edaykμanttylrbeyacn_bi]tþmkti nigbtbiesafn_rbs;gñkedlrtúv)at;bg;civit» CnrgeRKaH rbs;rbbexμrrkhmtamggs;kyretrtúvculrymkñúgkmnitpþücepþim TaMgenHedIm,ICMrujkarcUlrYmrbs;CnrgeRKaH. cmenké RbCaCnEdlmanv½yekμglμmKYrEtTTYl)anKMnitpþÜcepþImEbb enh edim,irymbba ÚleTAkñ úgkmμvifisiksarbcamqñamrbs;ek. eday ELk KMnitpþÜcepþImtUcCagenHkñúgkarCMruj[mankarcUlrYm rbs;cnrgerkahedlrtúv)anennameday fayl½r KWfa rdæapi)alkm<úcakyret «GnuBaØat[buKÁlFmμtaGacTTYl)an smnmuéksarrbs;rdæapi)al)an». Casrub karculrymrbs; CnrgeRKaHRtÚvEt)anbegáIteLIgedIm,IGnuBaØatbuKÁlGac Büa)alrbYs)an EdlenHCYyelIkkm<s;karpSHpSaEdl manercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvij. ehiykarculrymrbs;cnrgerkahenhk¾efiveligedim,ipsbv psayb½t mandl;cnrgerkahfa btelμisedlrbrbwtþmkeli ekkmbugrtúv)anedahrsay edim,ielikkm<s;dl;karbitén yutþifm tamebbpshpsa nigyutþifm tamkardak;tnðkmμ. sgámsiuviledlmankarculrymbignþrcatikyretman clnaetamuxedim,igpivdæsit imnusskñ úgrbetskm< úca EdlGac nwgcyybrgwgdl;karsßabnasgámcatieligvij tamry³kar CMrujsμartIénPaBmantémørbs;buKÁl edayttylsáal;zan³ rbs;ekkñ úgnamcamnussedlmingaccmnys)an nigedayesckþ ekarb nigpabesμikñaedlekgacttylyk)anduecñahedr. Ca myykñaenh karefivebbenhk¾nwggacbrgwgyutþifm Gnþrkal tamry³karelikkm<s;ekalkarn_lt irbcafibetyüducca muldæansit imnuss esripab nigyutþifm. Tak;Tgnwgkar sresrrbs; Gan hø ÚrInI kñ úgesovepaedlmancmngecigfa «The Third Force» )anniyayfa karriklutlas;rbs;sgám siuviledlmankarculrymbignþrcati edayep kelitynatirbs; sgámsi uviledlqøgkat;rbetskñ úgkarbrgwgbtdæansit imnuss GnþrCatienAkñúgRbeTs CamYynwgbTdæanrMelaPPaBCaGñkdwk namenah sgámsi uviledlmanrbetsercinkyretmanclnaeta muxedim,igpivdæsit imnusskñúgrbetskm<úca. duecñh sgám siuviledlmankarculrymbignþrcatikyretbegáinkaryl;dwg EpñksIlFm rbs;shkmn_gnþrcati CaCagshKmn_neya )aygnþrcati EdlTak;TgnwgGIVEdl)anekIteLIgkñúgRbeTs km<úca edayerbir)as;rbb½n sarb½t manedim,iefiv[]rkidækmμ ExμrRkhmrIksussay nigefiv[kic xitxmrbwgerbgekitman eligedim,inamyknuvyutþifm CUnCnrgeRKaHénrbbExμrRkhm nigcunrbetskm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_. kar yl;dwgepñksilfm rbs;shkmn_gnþrcatienhefiveligk¾ edim,iérggáascmnyycatwkr)ak;srmab;kmnitpþücepþimrbs;ggá CMnMuCRmHvisamBaØ nigrbs;ggákarerkardaæpi)al. karcmruj begáinkaryl;dwgepñksilfm enhnwgcyybegáinkarkamrtkñúg RbeTs nigcyydak;kmnabelirdæapi)aledim,icyy]btßmödl; dmeniryutþifm pøúvc,ab;rbs;km<úca edayercamercgrkcmnyy BIGnþrCatinigmUlniFisRmab;GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúg tulakarkm<úca nigkmμvificyyse gáahrbs;ggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. karyl;dwgepñksilfm nig kar]btßmökñúgrsúktamlmdab;fñak;kñúgvisalpabgnþrcati k¾kyretbegáincmnyy]btßmöékcn nigkic xitxmrbwgerbgkñúg karérggáasmulnifisrmab;ggákarerkardæapi)al duccamcä mnðléksarkm<úca. kñúgtidæpabebbenh sgámsiuviledl mcämnðléksarkm<úca 41

44 qøgkat;rbetsercin GaceRbIR)as;b CMnYsCnl,Il,ajEdl GacTak;TajcMNab;GarmμN_CaFmμtasRmab;vibtþisiT imnuss EbbenHmYy niggacbegáitnuvkarkamrty:agmanrbcarbiy PaBtambNþaRbeTsdéTeTotsRmab;kic xitxmrbwgerbgd¾fur es,iyenh. sarb½t man)anelceligenakñúgekalkarn_bbaøtþi enhfacagñkedirtyd¾mansarsmxan;kñ úgkarrbkaspsbvpsaygi V² TaMgGs; cab;biesckþieføgkarn_rbs;rdæapi)aldl;kmnitpþüc epþimrbs;ggákarerkardæapi)al. karerbir)as;d¾manrbsit PaBtamry³kmμviFIsMNgxUcxat karpþücepþim karse gáah nigyut nakartmnak;tmngsafarn³rbs;rdæapi)alkyretrtúv)an cat;tukfaca]bkrn_d¾man\t iblkñúgkarnammknuvlt pl sermcrbs;ekaledaénskmμpabebbenh karsermcyutþ i- Fm Gnþrkal edayrymtamgyutþifm tamkarpshpsa nigyutþifm tamkardak;tnðkmμehiytamgrsugkwkarsßabnasgámcati eligvijtamry³karpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;. racrdæapi)alkm<úcakyretshkarcamyynwgggákarerkardæa- Pi)aledIm,IpSarP ab;sarb½t manetakñúgmulehtuedlbak;b½n Kñarbs;GgÁPaBTaMgBIr Tak;TgnwgkarpSBVpSaykic xitxmrbwg ERbgEdlRtÚvBüayameFIVeLIg nigkmnitpþücepþimedlkmbugefiv [ekitelig edim,icmrujkarculrymrbs;cnrgerkah nigedim,i namyknuvyutþifm tamkarpshpsa nigdak;tnðkmμcundl; RbeTskm<úCa. karpsbvpsaybikic xitxmrbwgerbgtamgenh nwgdwknametarkkarpsbvpsayd¾tulmtulaymyybikarttylsáal; rbs;rdæapi)alfarbcacnkm<úcatamggs;kwcaéktþcn nig RbCaBlrdæ ehiynwgpsbvpsaybikic xitxmrbwgerbgd¾bit R)akd Cak;Esþg edim,icakareqøiytbnwg]rkidækmμexμrrkhm edaycmrujbegáincmenotukcitþrbs;rbcablrdæ. sarb½t mantamggs; KYrEt]btßmÖKaMRTdl;kmμviFI benßmetotedlmanmuldæantamgenaggácmnmurmhvisambaø b EdlbMeBjtYnaTIedIm,IeKaledAénkarpSHpSaEdlmaneRcIn lmdab;fñak;. karbgðajbikarcmrujcugerkayedlgacekit EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; elig)anmyyenah KWedIm,IplitCaerOgelçanEdlTTYlsÁal; PaBsμúKsμajEdlkMBugekItmaneLIgkñúgsgÁmedaysarEt rbbexμrrkhm. duckñanwgelçanrbs;mcämnðléksar km<úcaedlmancmngecigfa TmøayPaBs b;s at; karplit elçanenhk¾manekalbmngduecñhedr. duckarrsavrcav rbs;saklvitüal½ykalihv½rj:arkexijfa bnþab;bisar- B½t manpsbvpsayedaykmμvifiturtssn_cak;lak;myycmnyn erogelçankwcarbpbcmenhdwgtibirtak;tgnwgggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. GgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alKYrEt shkarcamyynwgrbb½n psbvpsaysarb½t man edim,ibegá Itkmμ vifibiessedlmantitamgenaggácmnmucrmhvisambaø. ebigac efiveta)ankwgars½yelibnþajedlbegáiteligeday rdæapi)alsrmab;kmμvifiebbenh ducedl)anennamxageli. edaymanggákarerkardæapi)alshkarcamyynwgrbb½n sar B½t manedaykμankarculrymbak;b½n BIrdæaPi)alenaHminEmn RtwmEtGackarBarmin[karecaTRbkan;GMeBIBukrlYyekIt manb:uenñahet b:uenþkunpabénkmμvifinwgmankunpabkan;et x<s;;eligefmetotpg BIeRBaHfavanwgCYyqøúHbBa amg[exij kan;etrbesireligbigtþcritnigmenaseb atnarbs;rbcacn km<úca. duecñh vagacedahrsaykarecatrbkan;gmebibuk rlyykan;etmanrbsit PaBeLIg edaymantmnak;tmngcamyy nwgekalbmngénkarcyy]btßmödl;karsßabnasgámcati eligvij. kmμvifi «60naTI» bgðajbilkçn³biessrbs; GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØrYmmanbTsmÖasn_CamYYyecARkm nig GñkeKarBsasna b GñkCMnajEpñksarB½t manedletgtamg CatMNag[ecARkm niggñkdwknamsasnatamgenhedlnwg psbvpsayb½t mantak;tinnwgdmenirkaretamuxrbs;tulakar nigtynatirbs;skçikmμcak;lak;namyygacnwgmanrbeyacn_ y:agxøamgkñúgkarcmruj[dmenirkaretamuxedltulakar)anefiv eligbnþektrmúvpabyl;exijxuskñabitssn³énpabyutþifm rbs;shkmn_gnþrcatinigrbs;km< úca nigkarbnüareblevla rbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. TaMgB½t man 42 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

45 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; nigsarb½t mankmsanþkwbitcamantémøcmebahesckþisermc rbs;yutþ ifm Gnþrkal nigkarsßanasgámcatieligvij. Ca myykñaenh kmμvifisarb½t manenhkyretrtúv)anculrymeday rdæapi)alkm<úca nigggákarerkardæapi)alxøacerkgtémød¾ smxan;rbs;kmμvifiebbenhttylbrac½y edaysaretkgvhxat EdlGackøayCaeRKaHfñak;CaCagplRbeyaCn_mYyedIm,IeFIV[ ekaledatamgenhmanpabr)akdrbca. CalkçN³GnþrCati RbB½n psbvpsaysarb½t manedirty y:agsmxan;rbhak;rbehlkñaenhedr tamry³karcmruj[ mankar]btßmöy:agebjtmhwgbismnak;mulnifignþrcati srmab;giv²edlekitecjbikic xitxmrbwgerbgkan;etercin eligrbs;cneposxø ÜnEdlmancMeBaHGgÁCMnM ucrmhvisambaøkñ úg tulakarkm< úca. sarb½t mankwcakunesaknø whmyykñ úgkarcmruj [sgámsi uvilgnþrkalmanclnaetamux edim,ikamrtyut sa sþ kñ úgrbetsedayrymmankarculrymbirbets]ssahkmμepsg² EdlmansmtßPaBkñúgkarpþl;mUlniFidl;karpþÜcepþImKMnit rbs;ggákarerkardæapi)al srmab;karsßabnasgámcati eligvij nigsrmab;karpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;. TaMgrdæaPi)alkm<úCanigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alKYrEtTajyk RbeyaCn_BItulakarrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØ edim,iefiv CameFüa)aymYysRmab;TajykcMNab;GarmμN_GnþrCati cmebahekaledatamgenh. ducedl)anexiijedaykgvhxatnuv GtßbTsarB½t mansþibidmenirkarrbs;tulakarenakñúgkaest The New York Times mankgvhxatkyr[kt;smáal;myy Tak;TgnwgsarB½t mangnþrcati EdlRKbdNþb;elIdMeNIrkar rbs;tulakar cuhtrmamkic xitxmrbwgerbgsrmab;karpshpsa b ekalneya)aykñúgrbetsrbs;km<úca EdlraraMgdl;kar culrymrbs;sgámsiuviledlmanrbetsercin)anqøgkat; nigsmtßpabrbs;xøünkñúgkarpþl;cmnyydl;pabr)akdrbca [manyutþifm Gnþrkal nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvijkñúg RbeTskm<úCaya:gNa. CamYyKñaenHpgEdr karekinelig éncmnab;garmμn_gnþrcati nigkarculrymkñúgkarpþücepþimkmnit rbs;ggákarerkardæapi)al edayebgeck[dac;edayelk BIeKalneya)ayEdlRKb;RKgedayGgÁkarshRbCaCati Gacnwgmanplb:HBal;TIBIrdl;kareFIV[RbCaCnkm<úCaman GarmμN_hak;bIdUcCafa BYkeKRtÚv)an]btßmÖKaMRTeday shkmn_gnþrcatietavij. ehtuduecñh minemnrtwmetgyutþ i- Fm EdlBYkeKTTYlrgeRKaHTTYlsÁal;b:ueNÑaHeT b:uenþsum,i EtshKmn_GnþrCatik¾cg;CYyRbCaCnkm<úCaTTYl)annUvPaB mantémøpþal;xøünrbs;ekedr. esckþ Isnñ idæan edaybicarnaelikarvipakrbs;eyigelikarpþücepþþim KMnitepSg²EdlGacnaMykyutþiFm GnþrkalCUndl;RbeTs km<úca rymmanpabsμúksμajepsg² nigktþasrmaletas EdlmanTak;TgnwgeKalbMNgenHenaH GtßbTenHyl;eXIj fa kñúgcmenamkmru ICTJ TaMgR)aMEdl)anelIkeLIgxagelI edim,inamykyutþifm GnþrkalenH kardak;rymbba ÚlKñarvagkar kat;etasrbhμtnð kmμvifismngxucxat nigkic xitxmrbwg ERbgeFIV[mankarcgcaMGacnwgmanRbsiT PaB nigcavifiedl manpabcak;lak; nigedlnammknuvlt pll EtmYyKt; EdledIrtYedIm,Ipþl;nUvyutþiFm dl;cnrgerkahkm<úcarbs;rbb ExμrRkhm nigcyysrmüldl;karpshpsafñak;cati shkmn_ nigbukálkñúgrbetskm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybucsasn_. karbipaksaenh KWEp keliesckþ Isnñ idæanedlfa³ karkat;etas RBhμTNÐkñ úgtrmg;ebbbtrbs;ggácmnm ucrmhvisambaøgacnwgnam ykyutþ ifm tamkardak;tnðkmμ RbsinebIRtÚv)anerobcMeday esμipab nigrymcamyynwgkmμvifiedlrtúv)anbegáiteligedim,i KUsbBa ak;etaelikarttylsáal;rbs;rdæapi)alelirbcacn nimyy²fa CaÉktþbuKÁlmñak; nigcarbcablrdæedaybrgwg CMenOTukcitþrbs;RbCaBlrdæelIRbB½n c,ab;rbs;rbets. karbegáiteligénebskkmμesiubgegátedlmanpabbak;b½n Ca myynwgkmμvifismngxucxat GacnwgmanRbsiT PaBx<s;kñúg karpþl;nuvyutþifm tamebbpshpsadl;cnrgerkahkm<úca rbs;rbbexμrrkhm nigcyysrmüldl;karpshpsaedlman mcämnðléksarkm<úca 43

46 ercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvij. kic xitxm RbwgERbgeFIV[mankarcgcaM GacTTYlsÁal;TaMgPaBQWcab; rbs;cnrs;ranmancivitkñúgrbbexμrrkhm nigpþl;ca»kas benßmetotsrmab;karpþücepþimvis½ygb;rm. TaMgKMrUEbb yutþifm tamebbpshpsa nigyutþifm tamkardak;tnðkmμ KWBit CamansarsMxan; nigrtúv)anrymbba ÚlKña BIeRBaHKMrUyutþiFm TaMgBIrenHedIrtYnaTIbMeBjeKalbMNgxusEbøkKñaedaysßit enakñúgrbb½n yutþifm GnþrkalEdlpþl;CaTMnYlxusRtÚvEpñk c,ab; nigpabfures,iypøúvgarmμn_. edayeyagtamgtßßbtrsavrcavenh GgÁCMnMuCRmH visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcaedl]btßmökamrtedayggákar shrbcacati KWBitCamansmtßPaBkñúgkarpþl;CUnyutþiFm tamkardak;tnðkmμ nigtidæpabrbs;yutþifm Gnþrkal. y:ag Namij skþanublpabmyyenh KWmanPaBTn;exSayd¾KYr[kt; smáal; edaysaretkgvhxaténkmμvifise gáah nigkaryk citþctukdak;bikñúgrbetstak;tgnwgdmenirkarrbs;tulakar ehiycam)ac;rtúvetcmruj nigbegáin[mankic xitxmrbwgerbg rbs;kmμvifise gáah karculrymrbs;cnrgerkah nigkarpþüc epþ Imvis½yGb;rMedIm,IBRgwgRkmnItiviFIkñ úgrbetskm< úca srmab; PaBrIkceRmInlUtlas; nigedim,ifana[mankarpsbvpsayén dmenirkaretamuxrbs;tulakar nigbiekalbmngkñúgkarpþl;nuv yutþþifm dl;cnrgerkahrbs;rbbexμrrkhm. GgÁCMnMuCRmH visambaøbitcagsmtßpaby:agfmefgkñúgkarpþl;nuvyutþifm b:uenþ GacemIleXIjfa mansarrbeyacn_dl;karsßabna sgámcatieligvijtamgrsug RbsinebIkmμviFIsgÁmEdlCab; Bak;B½n RtÚv)anbegááIteLIg edim,icyydl;karpshpsaedlman ercinlmdab;fñak;kñúgkareqøiytbnwgdmenirkarrbs;tulakar. CamYyKñaenHpgEdr karkat;etasrbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaø manrbeyacn_caercinsrmab;yutþifm tamebbpshpsa. TImYy dmenirkarnitivifikwcakarttylsáal;edayrdæapi)albi zan³rbs;rbcacnkm<úcafacaéktþbukál nigcarbcablrdæ EdlCalT plnammknuvcmenotukcitþkan;etekinelig. TIBIr EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; karttylsáal;enh CYybegáInPaBmantémørbs;buKÁl EdlCa lt plnwgcyykamrtdl;samkáipabkñúgsgám karpshpsaedl manercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvij. kñúg krnixøh tulakarkat;etas GaceFI V[RbCaBlrdæBüa)alrbYs nigpshpsaedltmngcagaccyy)anmyyepñkdl;karpshpsa fñak;cati nigshkmn_ kñ úgyut sa sþedlsermcedaymnuss myycmnyntucenh. y:agnamij karpshpsacalkçn³bukál nigkarbüa)alrbys RtÚv)anbnSl;TukeTAkñ úgkic xitxmrbwgerbg ényutþifm EbbpSHpSa duccakarbegáiteligénebskkmμ esiubgegátkmμvifismngxucxat rymmankmμvifisgámedl GaRs½yCacm,gelIeKalkarN_RBHBuT b k¾rtúv)anerobcm elig b KaMRTedayGñkdwknaMsasnaRBHBuT karpþücepþþimkmnitefiv [mankarcgcamedim,ittylsáal;tukçlm)akevtnarbs;cnrg erkah nigpþl;kitþiysdl;gñkedl)an)at;bgcivitkñúgrbb ExμrRkhm kmμvifigb;rmsrmab;ekμgcmnan;erkayedlmin)an rs;enaqøgkat;rbbexμrrkhm nigsrmab;gñkedlføab;rs;ena qøgkat;rbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü nigk¾duccasrmab;gñkedl cam)ac;esvgyl;faetiehtugiv)ancagmebisahavexarexa EbbenHekItmaneLIg edim,i[gñktamggs;enhttylsáal;nuv btbiesafn_curct;rbs;ek. karefivebbenhrtúvkarcemøiy ehiycmenkékarpshpsabukálvij k¾rtúvetdak;rymbba Úl etakñúgkmμvifipsbvpsayrbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaø Edlcat; TukfaCasarsMxan;bMputmYy edim,isermc[)annuvyutþifm EbbpSHpSa nigyutþ ifm Gnþrkal k¾duccakarpshpsa Edlman ercinlmdab; nigkarsßabnasgámcatieligvijkñúgrbets km<úcapgedr. Tak;TgCamYynwgkarpSHpSabIlMdab;fñak; edayeyagtamgtß ßbTviPaKenH vatmngcafa KMrUényutþ ifm Ebb pshpsaepþateligarmμn_pøúvcitþrbs;bukál cmenkéyutþifm tamtulakarvij epþatelifñak;catiercincag. y:agna mij karpshpsatamgbilmdab;fñak;enhbitcamansarsmxan;tamg Gs;kñúgkarnaMyknUvyutþiFm CUndl;CnrgeRKaHrbs;rbb ExμrRkhm. 44 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

47 EsVgrkkarBit-Epñkc,ab; GtßbTenHyl;eXIjfa kic xitxmrbwgerbgpsbvpsay CaBiessKWkic xitxmrbwgerbgedlepþatkarykcitþtukdak; smxan;elikarelikkm<s; niggpivdævis½ygb;rm nigkarculrym rbs;cnrgerkah KWBitCamansarsMxan;y:agxøaMgkñúgkar sermc[)annuvyutþifm Gnþrkal nigkarksagsgámcati eligvijkñúgrbetskm<úca. RbsinebIKμankarelIkkm<s; cmenhdwg nigkaryl;dwgbigivedlekitmaneligtak;tgnwg karnamyknuvyutþifm dl;rbetskm<úcaerkaygmebirbl½ybuc sasn_et enahyutþifm nwgrtúv)anyl;exijfacagivedl Bi)aknwgseRmc)annigCaGIVEdlRtÚv)anBnüareBlrhUt. CamYyKñaenHEdr GtßbTenHk¾yl;eXIjfa edim,iefiv[ekal bmngénkarpþl;yutþifm Gnþrkal nigkarksagsgámelig vijsermc)ankic xitxmrbwgerbg nigkarpþücepþþimkmnittamg Gs;enH RtÚvkarkar]btßmÖKaMRTy:agcaM)ac;BIGgÁkareRkA rdæapi)al ducca mcämnðléksarkm<úca EdlGñksresr GtßbTenHyl;eXIjfaCakarbgðajCa]TahrN_d¾KMrUmYyBI GtßRbeyaCn_d¾sMxan;énKMnitpþÜcepþþImGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al sarb½t man CaBiessB½t mankmsanþkñ úgrbets karpsbvpsay sarb½t mangnþrcatinigsgámsi uviledlqøgkat;ercinrbets. xn³ebledlkarsiksarsavrcavepsgetotyl; exijfa skþanublpabrbs;tulakargacnwgbnþebgeck shkmn_erkaybis gáamedlmintan;)anpshpsaenaeliy enahgtßbtvipaksþibikarbüa)alrbys kargt;»netas nig karpshpsaedlmanercinlmdab;fñak;enhmin)anesvgrkexij fa enhkwcaktþasrmalmyyrbs;karksagsgámcatielig vijkñúgrbetskm<úcaeliy. ducedl elak qamg yu )an Bnül;y:agc,as;BIsarsMxan;énKMrUyutþiFm tamtulakar nigyutþifm tamkarpshpsaedim,inammknuvkarpshpsaedlman ercinlmdab;fñak; nigkarksagsgámcatieligvijkñúgrbets km<úcaenah «manetkarkat;etastampøúvc,ab;nigmanetkar Gb;rMeTEdlGacseRmcnUvdMeNIrkarpSHpSaTaMgenH)an». RbeTskm<úCaRtÚveFIVdMeNIrelIpøÚvd¾Evgq ayetaetot ehiy xn³edlekaledatamggs;enhrtúvsermc)an enahnwg manbbaðaedlrtúv)anbnsl;tuk[edahrsaycabnþetot ]> vb,fm nitþnðpab niggmebibukrlyy. b:uenþ GtßbTenH GHGagfa karpþücepþimkmnitekalkarn_edl)anelikelig xageligaccyysermcnuvyutþifm Gnþrkal nigkarksag sgámcatieligvij RbsinebIeKalkarN_enHRtÚv)anGnuvtþ RtwmRtÚvedaymankar]btßmÖRKb;RKan; CaBiessKWkar]btßmÖ EpñkhriBaØvtßúBIshKmn_GnþrCati. m:arwdit DIn nig NatahSa )ac GanTsSnavdþ ItameKhTMB½r TsSnavdþIEsVgrkkaBitTaMgGs;RtÚv)anpSBVpSaytam ekhtmb½rrbs;mcämnðléksarkm< úca. GñkGanGacrk)an tam³ Searching.htm. B½t manbenßm sumtak;tg jan sucati TUrs½BÞelx b sumgrkun XøaMemIlkarvivDÆbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØ kñúgtulakarkm<úcatamekhtmb½r edim,i[safarncntuetamanlt ipabkñúgkartamdan emilkavivdärbs;ggácmnmucrmhvismbaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca ekhtmb½r RtÚv)anbegáIteLIg edaymcämnðléksarkm<úca nigsalac,ab;énsakl vitüal½yntev:esþin shrdægaemrik nigerkamshrbtþibtþi karcamyy Illinois Holocaust Museum and Educational Center. munnigpsbvpsayekhtmb½renh RtÚv)anRtÜtBinitü edaysa sþacarüc,ab; David Scheffer GtItÉkGKÁrdæTUt ekacrn_rbs;shrdægaemrikttylbnþúkkic kar]rkidækmμ s gáamkalbicmnan;rdækarrbfanafibti b Íl KøIntun nigelak qamg yu nayk mcämnðléksarkm<úca. mcämnðléksarkm<úca 45

48 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ karcybcmurbs;gñkykb½t mankñúgsm½ys gáamenakm<úca kalbigmlúgs gáamenaevotnamnigkm<úcana TsvtSr_70 GñksarB½t mancatiniggnþrcaticaercinnak;)an QaneCIgcUlkñúgs gáamenhedim,iykb½t mantak;tgetanwg s gáamedlmanshrdægaemrikbak;b½n pgedr. s gáamenh )anbgá[gñksarb½t man)at;bg;civitcaercinnak;. ExemsaCaeBlEdls gáamenakm<úcanigevotnam )anbba b;kñ úgqñam1975. GñksarB½t mandedlenahrbehl CatictYcb:ueNÑaHEdlman»kascUlkñúgRbeTsTaMgBIrenH )anerkays gáambba b;kñúgqñam qñaMeRkaymk enakñúgexemsaenhdedl GñksarB½t mantamgenah)ancul nivtþn_bikargarerog²xø Ün ehiy)ancybcm ukñaeligvijetarbets km<úca. GñksarB½t manedlculnivtþn_rbmanca40nak; )ancybrbcmukñaedim,irmb kdl;sac;jatinigshkariedl)an søab;kñúgeblkmbugbmebjkargarkñúgsm½ys gáambiqñam CMnYbenHRtÚv)anerobcMeLIgeday elak qamg sug GtItrdæm nþi RksYgB½t manrbs;rbb safarnrdæexμr nigelak xal r:ub Ínsan; EdlCaGtItGñk sarb½t manrbs;kaestegpi. enakñ úgcmnybenh GñksarB½t mantamggs;)anetaculrym BIFIsURtmnþtamEbbBuT sasnaenavtþebaf kñúgrsukbesdæ extþkmbg;s<w EdlCakEnøgEdlGñksarB½t mancmnyn6nak; RtÚv)ancab;xøÜn nigsmøab;edayexμrrkhmkalbiéf TI31 Ex]sPa qñam1970. enakñúgbifienh GtItGñksarB½t man rbs;kaestv:asiuntunb:usþ elakrsi eglihsaeb t ebkexi )anganeqμahgñkedl)ansøab;edaykarvayrbharrbs; ExμrRkhmedaykþIxSwkxSÜl. GtItGñksarB½t manrbs; kaestküúducb: unelakrsi yuku GI uhsiy:am:a )annwkexijelig nuvbþirbs;xøünedlcagtitgñksarb½t manrbs;kaestküúdu duckñaedl)ansøab;enakñúgrbetskm<úcakalbiqñam1974. elakrsi yuku GI uhsiy:am:a )anrsk;twkepñkebledlelak RsI eglihsaeb t ebkexi GaneQμaHGñkEdl)ansøab;kñúg sm½ys gáam. erkaymk GñksarB½t mantamggs;)anmkculrymdamedim ebaf EdlCanimitþrUbenATItaMgEdlGñksarB½t manrtúv)an smøab;. cb;kmμvifienh GñksarB½t )anetatssnarbhbrm racvamg sarmnþircati sarmnþirrbl½ybucsasn_tylesøg nigvalbixatecigék. GñksarB½t mankñúgsm½ys gáamenakm<úcaqñam mcämnðléksarkm<úca

49 I EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ xagerkamenhkwcagñksarb½t manmyycmnynedl)an mkculrymkñúgcmnybenh ³ qamg sug³ CaGñkerobcMCMnYbenH. enaebls gáam cab;epþimkñúgqñam 1970 elak qamg sug KWCaGnuesnIyÉk kgt½bmyyrubedlefivkarcamyynwggñknambaküelak GaM r: ug. enakñúgqñam1974 qamg sug RtÚv)anEtgtaMgCardæm nþi RksYgB½t manenakñúgrdæapi)alsafarnrdæexμredl)an brac½y enakñúgkardwknamrbs;xøünenakñúgqñam1975. xal r:ub Ínsan; shgñkerobcmcmnybcamyyelak qamg sug. elak r:ub Ínsan; )anefvikarcamyysmakmgñk kaestenatirkúgéshán evotnamxagt,úgkñúgnamcagñk ftrub nigerkaymkkøayetacagñksarb½t manebjem:ag enarvagqñam1968 nig qñam1975 ehiycaeroy²kat;tam -1975enARBHbrmraCvaMg dans gáamenakñúgrbetskm<úca. erkays gáam)anbba b; elak)anbþúretaenarbetsgu sþali. elak ecm RBIghÁl nigelakrsi mili RBIghÁl CaGñkeqøIyqøgsarB½t manr:yeti. erkaymk Kat;TaMgBIr efviena Newsweek nig The time enatirkúglúndun EdlCaGñk tamdans gáamerotnam nigkm<úca kñúggmlúgebls gaám rhutdl;bc úb,nñ. sbvéf enh Kat;TaMgBIrrs;enATIRkúg PñMeBj. elak PIteFI sar:k; KWCaGtItGñksarB½t man r:yeti ehiybc úb,nñcaburanvtßúvitu enasaklvitüal½y LúndunEdlsikSaBIRbeTsGasIunigGaRhVik nigcagñkcmnaj elivtßúburanexμr. elak echv vilüam CattItGñkykB½t manegpi ehiyerkaymkefvikarenasarb½t man CBS. elak vilüam )anculmkkñ úgrbetskm< úcabiéf munrdærbhar éf TI18 ExmIna qñam1970 kñ úgnamcasa sþacarü BIeRBaHGñkkaEstCnCati GaemrikRtÚv)anhamXat;. exit v:ulekit CaGtItGñkykB½t man[ CBS. Kat;)anmkdl;TIRkúgPñMeBjenABak;kNþalEx]sPa qñam 1970 CamYynwgRkúmkargar CSB mkbitirkúgtuküú. eglihsaeb t ebkexi CaGñktamdans gáamkm< úca [sarb½t manv:asiunetanb:usþ Newsweek nig NBC. Kat;KW CaGñkniBn esovepaedlmancmngecigfa ebls gáamrlt; «eta nig Rbvtþ isa sþkm< úcatmenibnigexμrrkhm. esovepafμ» myyetotrbs;kat; EdlmancMNgeCIgfa bupana EdlCa RbvtþiesñhamYykñúgGMLúgrbbExμrRkhmnigRtÚvecjpSay enakñúgrbetskm<úca CaPasaExμr )aramg niggg;ekøs kñ úg GMLúgeBlCYbCMuKñaenH. fμi²enhkat;)anculnivtþn_bisarb½t manjúy:kefm. dun ekik )anmkefvitssnkic enakñúgrbetskm<úca elikdmbugenaqñam1966. erkaymkkat;)antamdannuv RBitþ ikarn_tmøak;semþc sihnu nigkarqøanbanrbs;gaemrik. mcämnðléksarkm<úca 47

50 kñ úggmlúgeblkmbugefv Ikar[sarB½t manv:asi unetanb: usþ sþarena kñúgexemsa qñam1970 Kat;nigshkarIrbs;Kat;eQμaH b Íl xan;nigehm EdlCasmaCikénKN³kmμaFikarpSBVpSay kanada esþ IrEtRtÚv)ancab;xø ÜnedayExμrRkhmenAEk,rRsuk KIrIvgS PaKxagt,ÚgTIRkúgPMñeBj b:uenþrtúv)anedah[ryc. erkaymk dun ekik )ansresrgtþbt[sarb½t man júy:kefm nig QIkaehÁaRtaybüÚn edaybgðajbigmebi érbépsrbs;exμrrkhm. elak dun ekik Kat;)anvilRtLb; EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ mkrbetskm<úcacaelikdmbugenakñúgqñam1985 kñúgnamca GñkkaEsSt[B½t man USA Today nigcugerkayenakñúgqñam 2002 srmab;sarb½t man International Herald Tribune. Gal; r:k;xhv CaGñkftrUbÉkraCü Edltamdan s gáamkñúgrbetskm<úcasrmab;sarb½t man egpi nigpñak;gar détetot. Kat;)anbgðajGMBIkardYlrlMénTIRkugPñMeBj enakñúgqñam1975 nigenasßantut)aramg. Gal; r:k;xhv man vtþmankñúgtirkúgpñmebjenaéf TI17 Exemsa qñam1975 Gal; r:k;xhv xal r:ub Insan; edvid erbdb WrI mili RBIghÁl si ulv:ana hv ÚGa tak;s U kagiku 48 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

51 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ erkaymk Kat;EtgEtmkelgRbeTskm<úCaerogral;qñaM. edn esaedieln KWCaGñkqøgeqøIysarB½t mancug erkay Edl)anCYbCamYy Sean Flynn nig Dana Stone ena muneblkar)at;xøünenapakxagekitxmucipu kñúgexemsa qñam \LÚvenHKat;eFVIkar[viTüúsMeLgshrdæGaemrik. siulv:ana hvúga CaGñktamdanBIsRgÁamkm<úCa[ sarb½t man Newsweek nig United Press International (UPI) enatirkúghugkug nig)anefvikic smöasn_camyynwg semþc neratþm sihnu enatirkúgeb:kamg kñ úgextula. enakñ úgqñam1973 GñkraykarN_mñak;kñ úgcmenamgñkraykarn_cncatigaemrikamg CaeRcInnak;RtÚv)anGnuBaØat[cUlmkkñúgRbeTscin kñúggmlúg eblbdivtþn_vb,fm. Kat;KWCa sþidmbugbmputedl)anefvi CaGñkRtÜtBinitükarbreTsénGgÁPaBsarB½t mangnþrcati smxan;myynigcanayksarb½t manrsidmbugbmputénrbb½n TUrTsSn_rbs;shrdæGaemrik nigcarsþidmbugbmputedlefvikar CaGñknaMBakü[GKÁelxaFikarGgÁkarshRbCaCati. Kat; eglihsaeb t ebkexi ECm RBIghÁl cun esvn fim epc yuku GI usi uya:ma: exit v: ulekit mcämnðléksarkm<úca 49

52 TTYlBanrgVan; Pulitzer cmnynbirdg. cun esvn KWCaGtItGñkykB½t man AFP Edl tamdanrbetsevotnam nigkm<úca ehiyerkaymk Kat; )anefivkarcamyykaest Times of London. Kat;)ansñak; enatienahrhut bnþab;biexμrrkhmdenþim)ansßantut)aramg. Kat;k¾CaGñkniBn esovepamyyedlmancmngecigfa River of Time. efiri nig s Usan v: ulekisþehv I CaGtItGñkykB½t man egpi EdlmanTIsñak;karenAkñúgTIRkúgéshÁún. ekøn em:kdunl CaGtItGñkykB½t man[vitüú ABC Edltamdans gáamenakm<úca enarvagqñam1970 nigqñam 1975 Gaemrik. sþiv Ntfab; CaGtItGñkftrUb[sarB½t man UPI ehiyerkaymkkøaycagñkftrub[kaestfam. FIm epc CaGtItGñkftrUb[ Time-Life. Kat;)an EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ rgrbysy:agf n;f renakñúgqñam1969 nigrtúv)anbba ÚneTA kan;shrdægaemrik. Kat;minFøab;raykarN_GMBIs gáamena km< úcaenahet b: uenþkat;enatienahcamyynwgggákarshrbcacati enakñúgqñam1989 KWCaqñaMEdlKat;)anlHbg;nUvGIV²TaMgGs; edim,iesvgrkdmnwg)at;xøünmitþpkþid¾l rbs;kat;enasm½y s gáam. edvid efiri CaGñkftrUbÉkraCüEdlraykarN_GMBI s gáamkm<úca nigevotnam. Gat;s U kaenku KWCaRbFankariyal½yésháún srmab;tipñak;garsarb½t manküúdu enagmlúgs gáamenaevot Nam. yuku GuIsIuy:am:a CaRbBn rbs; kuki GIusIuy:am:a GñkykB½t manküúdu RtÚv)ancab;xø Ünnigsmøab;edayExμrRkhm enaedimqñam1974. jan sucati ehg si unitü qamg sug 50 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

53 Ú EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ cgrkgedayelak riqad PIl GñkykB½t mankaest egpi nigrtütbinitübenßmedayelak xal r:ub Insan;. mangñkkaest GñkftrUb GñkftvIedGUCatinigGnþrCati srubtamggs;37nak;rtúv)ansmøab;nig)at;xøüngmlúgebl kmbugbmebjkargarenakñúgrbetskm<úcacenøahexemsaqñam 1970 dl;exemsa qñam1975. cmnyngñkkaestsøab;ercinbmputkwmkbirbetscb:un 10nak; / )aramg 8nak; / Gaemrik 7nak;. GñkkaEst km<úca5nak;)an)at;xøünenakñúgebls gáam. GñkkaEst detot mancncatisv Is2nak;/ GaLWm:g;xaglicmñak;/ GURTIs mñak;/ hulg;mñak;/ \NÐamñak;/ Lavmñak; niggu sþalimñak;. qñam1970 há Il kar: un CaCnCati)arMag. GñkftrUb[sarB½t man háam:a )at;xøünkñúggmlúgeblrbtibtþikar enapøúvcatielx1 enacipu éf TI4 Exemsa. kø Úd GaBIn CnCati)araMg GñkftrUb[sarB½t man júvvik cab;xøünedaykgt½bevotkug enapøúvcatielx1 enacipu éf TI5 Exemsa. há úy han;nutu CnCatisV Is efv Ikar[kaEstLic erbs rbs;svis cab;xøünedaykgt½bevotkug pøúvcatielx1 enacipu éf TI5 Exemsa. GaKIr:a Kwsaka CnCatiCb:un GñkykB½t man[ TUrTsSn_hV Ci )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikarpøúvcatielx1 ena CIPU éf TI6 Exemsa. ywciru takahái CnCatiCb:un GñkykB½t man[ TUrTsSn_hV ÚCI )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikarpøúvcatielx1 ena CIPU éf TI6 Exemsa. eson PøIn CnCatiGaemrik efvikar[kaest EG hvgil nigefm )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar pøúvcatielx1 enacipu éf TI6 Exemsa. GñksarB½t manedlsøab;kñúgsm½ys gáamenakm<úca dana sþ Ún CnCatiGaemrik efv Ikar[kaEst si ub IeGs )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar pøúvcatielx1 enacipu éf TI6 Exemsa. eson Pø In nig dana sþ Ún RtÚv)aneCOfaRtÚvsmøab; edayexμrrkhmerkayeblcab;xøün. EdtTW ebelndus CnCatiGaløWm:g; xaglic CaGñk ftrub[sarb½t man Ginb IsIu cab;xøünedaykgt½bexμrrkhm enaextþsvayerog éf TI8 Exemsa. cc EhÁnsøak;n½r CnCatiGURTIs efvikar[kaest EGhVGil cab;xøünenaextþsvayerog éf TI8 Exemsa. vili Emtl½r CnCatisV Is efv Ikar[kaEst EGhVGil )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar enaextþkmbt éf TI6 Exemsa. tak;kisiu y:anaháisav:a CnCatiCb:un GñkeqøIyqøg B½t man[sarb½t man nihun Edn):a )at;xø Ünkñ úggmlúgrbtibtþ ikar enaextþkmbt éf TI10 Ex]sPa. tiru NakaCim:a CnCatiCb:un efvikarenavitüasßan GUm:Uri )at;xø ÜnenAkñ úggmlúgrbtibtþ ikar mindwgtitamg enarbetskm< úca éf TI29 Ex]sPa. tum: Uharu lisi u CnCatiCb: un GñkftPaBynþ[sar B½t man si ub IeGs kgt½bexμrrkhmnigevotkug sþak;cab;xø ÜnenA vtþebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. kucir: U saék CnCatiCb: un Gñkftsemøg[sarB½t man siub IeGs kgexμrrkhm nigevotkug sþak;cab;xøünenavtþebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. rmnik likxi CnCati\NÐa GñkftPaBynþ[sarB½t man si ub IeGs kgt½bexμrrkhmnigevotkug sþak;cab;xø ÜnenAvtþeBaF pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. CWr:l mil½r CnCatiGaemrik GñkplitPaBynþ[ sarb½t man siub IeGs kgt½bexμrrkhmnigevotkug sþak;cab; xøünenavtþebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. cc siuvwtesn CnCatiGaemrik GñkeqøIyqøgB½t man mcämnðléksarkm<úca 51

54 [sarb½t man siub IeGs kgt½bexμrrkhmnigevotkug sþak; cab;xøünenavtþebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. ey:g smelg CnCatikm<úCa GñkebIkbrrfynþ[ sarb½t man siub IeGs kgt½bexμrrkhm nigevotkug sþak;cab; xøünenavtþebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. ey:g smelg KWCamnusSEtmñak;Kt;enAkñúgbBa IenHEdlminEmnCa GñksarB½t man. Evl hanecn CnCatiGaemrik GñkeqøIyqøgB½t man [sarb½t man Ginb IsIu kgt½bevotkug sþak;cab;xøünenavtþ ebaf pøúvcatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. r:ucw kul CnCati)araMg GñkftPaBynþ[sarB½t man Ginb IsI u kgt½bevotkug sþak;cab;xø ÜnenAvtþeBaF pø ÚvCatielx3 RbeTskm<úCa éf TI31 Ex]sPa. yusiuhiku v:aku CnCatiCb:un Gñkftsemøg[sar B½t man Ginb IsIu kgt½bevotkug sþak;cab;xøünenavtþebaf pø ÚvCatielx3 éf TI31 Ex]sPa. r:aymun emy½r CnCati)araMg efvikar[kaest GUGaFIEGhV )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar enaextþesomrab éf TI7 Exkkáda. ern BIesssU CnCati)araMg efvikar[kaest GUGaFIEGhV )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar enaextþesomrab éf TI7 Exkkáda. ec hvamg hvús CnCatiGaemrik GñkeqøIyqøgB½t man [sarb½t man yupigay RtÚv)ansmøab;kñúgextþtaEkv éf TI 28 Extula. KIyUGiQi sav:ada CnCatiCb: un GñkftrUb[sar B½t man yupigay RtÚv)ansmøab;enAtambeNþaypøÚvCati elx2 kñúgextþtaekv éf TI28 Extula. CUhan; DuynIEsVl CnCatihULg; efvikar[kaest EGhVGil eggavigin RtÚv)ansmøab; enacmnuccmbuhesk éf TI26 ExFñÚ. qñam1971 hvg;sius ébli CnCati)araMg efvikar[kaest EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ EGhVGil RtÚv)ansmøab;tambeNþaypø ÚvCatielx4 éf TI19 ExkumÖ³. qñam1972 GaLaMg hiurun CnCatiGU sþali efvikar[kaest EGhVGil cab;xøünedaykgt½bexμrrkhm enagñkelog éf TI 25 Exemsa. EtrI Gil ernul CnCatiGaemrik efvikar[kaest EGhVGil nigyupigay cab;xøünedaykgt½bexμrrkhmenagñk elog éf TI25 Exemsa. CIm sar:at; CnCatikm< úca efv Ikar[kaEst EGhVGil cab;xø ÜnedaykgT½BExμrRkhmenAGñkelOg éf TI25 Exemsa. qñam1973 has; R)ak; CnCatikm<úCa efvikar[kaest has; snþ ipab)at;xø Ünkñ úggmlúgrbtibtþ ikarenarbetskm< úca. éthsú GiQinUes CnCatiCb:un efvikar[kaest EGhVGil )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikarenaggárvtþ éf TI23 Exvicäika. lwm saeron CnCatikm<úCa efvikar[kaestnkrfm )at;xøünkñúggmlúgrbtibtþikar mindwgéf Ex. qñam1974 kuki GIusIuy:am:a CnCatiCb:un efvikar[kaest küúdu cab;xøünedaykgt½bexμrrkhm enaextula RbEhlsøab; éf TI20 Exmkra. m:ak hvilú CnCati)araMg efvikar[kaest GaEGhVeb: niglav RbcaMenARbeTsRtÚv)ansmøab;edaykgT½BExμrRkhm éf TI15 Exemsa. m:aniv:an; CnCatiLav GñkbkERb[kaEst GaEGhVeb: RtÚv)ansmøab;edaykgT½BExμrRkhm éf TI15 Exemsa. m:aniv:an; KWCaGñkbkERbrbs;elak m:ak hvilú. GñkTaMgBIr )ancakecjbitirkúgevogcan; ehiyqøgculrbmednkm< úcaedim,i smukmμapi)alexμrrkhmsmöasn_. cab;tamgbieblenahmk GñkTaMgBI)at;xø ÜnrhUt. P½sþ útagedlgacrk)an)anbba ak;fa GñkTaMgBIRtÚvcab;cab;xøÜnnigsmøab;edayExμrRkhm Etsak 52 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

55 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ sbminrtúv)anrkexijet. RbFansarB½t man GaEGhVeb: RbcaMenALaveQμaH CIn hsak;xahsú )anniyayfa elak hv ILÚ KWCabukÁlikenAEdlRtÚv)anCYlenAkñ úgrsukedim,ibba ÚnB½t man etakan;tirkúg):aris. m:aniv:an; KWCaGñkbkERbÉkraCü ehiy KWCaCnCatiLavEtmñak;Kt;enAkñúgbBa IenH. lwm sav:at CnCatikm< úca efv Ikar[kaEst EGhVGil nigegpi søab;eblrbtibtþ ikar enaextþkmbg;qñamg éf TI1 tula. qñam1975 li eg CnCatikm<úCa efvikar[kaestdmnwgeblrbwk RtÚv)ansmøab;edaykgT½BExμrRkhm enapñmebj. erkay eblexμrrkhmculdl;tirkúgpñmebjenaéf 17 emsa li egg )anlak;xøünenakñúgtirkúgpñmebjgs;ry³eblbirbis)þah_. erkaymkkat;)anlbecjmkerkabikenøglak;xøün. Pøam enahkat;)anexijlanebikdmbulrbs;kat; ehiy)anebik y:agelonecjbipøúvmunivgseq<ahetas<anmunivgs ehiyebik kat;rnamgrbs;exμrrkhmcaercin. eblkat;mkdl;s<an ExμrRkhm)an)aj;rHmkelIKat;ehIyKat;k¾ebIkrfynþ Tmøak;Twk. erkayéf TI17 Exemsa qñam1975³ Kuk\tCBa amg bnþab;biqñam1975 cmnyntyrelxbitr)akdéncncati km< úcaedl)ansmøab; nig)at;xø ÜnenAkñ úggmlúgeblrbtibtþ ikar enamanpabminc,as;las; edaysarxvhxatb½t man nig)at; dmnwgrbs;cnrgerkahtamgenah. bba IxageRkamenAminTan; c,as;las;et etibtrmúv[manb½t manbenßmetottak;tgnwg RBwtþikarN_énkarsøab;. RbCaCnkm<úCaCaeRcIn)anQrenA ExSeRtómCYrmuxénkarvayRbyuT enaebledlbykekefvi kargarcagñksresrgtßbt[kaestbrets k¾duccakaest kñúgrsuk ehiy)ankøaycaekaledasmxan;rbs;exμrrkhm. xn³ebledlbykek)at;xøün bnþab;bis gáam)anbba b;enaéf 17 Exemsa qñam1975 enaebledlexμrrkhmttylc½y CmñH BYkeKRtÚv)anbMEbkecjCaRkúmdac;edayELkenATIenH. Qr vut I kaest egpi hug hu kaest yupigay s un ehog GñksresrGtßbT nigefv Ikar[kaEsteGPI eto KIm ehog GñkftrUb[kaEst egpi emon elog efvikar[kaest egpi But supan efvikar[sarb½t man siub IeGs su vicirt GñkftrUb[kaEst háam:a suk gun efvikar[sarb½t man r:yt½r Giut Qun GñksresrGtßbT[kaEst yupigay Ca hu efvikar[kaest yupigay Laj; duj r:a efvikar[kaest egpi elk elg lig jan efvikar[karest egpi TI m:ani ehg huk efvikar[karest yupigay v:an;fa efvikar[karest egpi G ug KIm esg eha ecov søab;enas-21 samg Ehl nibn nayksarb½t mangriyfm søab; enamnþirs-21 y:un hyr efvikar[sarb½t mannihun Edn):a søab;ena s-21 Ekv y:un GñkftPaBynþ[sßanIy_TUrTsSn_ søab;ena s-21 esog epok nibn nayksarb½t manmatupumi b nibn naykkaest søab;enas-21 G U Eg:t GñkftrUb[RksYgB½t man søab;enas-21 hak; exg GñkftExSPaBynþ søab;enas-21 buyersgnibn naykkaestse gáah søab;ena s-21 syn eqg søab;enas-21 C½y CMu søab;enas-21 GIu Git søab;enas-21 Em:n m:anil søab;enas-21 li xyn søab;enas-21 mcämnðléksarkm<úca 53

56 PUmiERBkTal;CaPUmimYysß itenakñ úgxu MTwkføa RsukéRBnb; extþrbhsihnu. munrbbkm<úcarbcafibteyü PUmienH manbgb ÚnExμrGIusøamrs;enAcMnYn70RKÜsar. enaebledl ExμrRkhmcUlkan;kab;PUmienHTaMgRsug CnCatiGIusøamTaMg Gs;RtÚv)anCemøósecjBIPUmienHeTArs;enARsukTUkmasextþ kmbt. erkaybirbbexμrrkhmdylrlmeta manexμrgiusøam cmnyn17rküsarb:uenñah Edl)anvilRtLb;mkrs;enAkñúg PUmienHvij. PUmienHmancm ay60kilúem:rtbitirymextþrbhsihnu ehiysßitenatmbn;dac;rsyaledlrbcacnmyycmnynfmmin )andwgb GMBIdMeNIrkarkat;eTasemdwknaMExμrRkhmeLIy. ehtuduecñhehiy enaéf TI6 Exemsa qñam2010 bukálik mcämnðléksarkm< úca)angeba IjshRBHraCGaCJaGnþrCati rbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca eqμah EGnRDÚ xael cuhetacybbgb ÚnExμr-GIusøam enapumierbktal;edlman cmnyncit200nak;culrym. enakñúgcmnybenhedr elaksh RBHraCGaCJa)anerobrab;R)ab;GñkPUmiGMBIdMeNIrkarvivDÆrbs; tulakarkarkat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhm edim,i[gñkpumi)an yl;dwgkan;etc,as;gmbidmenirkarrbs;tulakarenh. bnþab;bi)ansþab;karbnül;rbs;elakshrbhracgacja EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ karcybsmenhsmnalrvagshrbhracgacjagnþrcati niggñkpumi elakqamgyunigelakegnrdúxaelsmenhsmnalcamyybgb ÚnCnCaticam rycmk bgb ÚnExμr-GIusøamTaMgGs;)ansEmþgkarKaMRTcMeBaH dmenirkarkat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhmenhtamgrsug RBmTaMg mintamtarsmnggv IBItulakarenHeTedayRKan;Etcg;[shKmn_ GnþrCatidwgB BITukçevTnarbs;RbCaCnExμrEdlFøab;)anqøgenA kñúgrbbexμrrkhmetb:uenñah. kñúgenahman muityn RKÚbeRgón RsI mñak;)anniyaytamgtwkmuxerkómrkmr)ab;shrbhrac GaCJafa munrbbexμrrkhmculmkkan;kab;kñúgpumienh RKÜsar rbs;kat;mansmacik6nak;rs;enaedaycivpabsmrmü. ebledlexμrrkhmculmkkan;kab;kñúgpumi RkúmRKÜsarrbs; Kat;RtÚv)anExμrRkhmCemøóseTAenARsukTUkmas extþkmbt ehiybgçm[kat;efvikarcatm n; nighubcukminrkb;rkan;. elisbienhetaetot ExμrRkhm)anykRKÜsarrbs;Kat;TaMg 5nak;eTAsmøab;. duecñhehiy etahbicamantulakarkat; etasemdwknamexμrrkhmk¾eday k¾kat;minsb,aycitþcmebah karbegáittulakarenhedr BIeRBaHtulakarenHmiGaceFVI[Rkúm RKÜsarrbs;Kat;Edl)at;bg;CIviteTAmanCIvitrs;eLIgvij Edr. cmenkhakim empumi vij etahbicakat;min)an erobrab;bitukçevtnarbs;kat;k¾eday k¾kat;)anbgðajbicmnab; GarmμN_ myycmnynedlshrbhracgacjamanvtþmanenakñúg PUmirbs;Kat;. hakim)anniyayfa «mankarsb,ay citþy:agxøamgenaebledlelakshrbhracgacja)angeba Ij mkkñúgpumirbs; edim,ir)ab;gñkpumi[)andwgbidmenirkarkat; etasemdwknamexμrrkhm.» bnþab;bi)ansþab;erogr:avrbs;gñkpumirycmk elaksh RBHraCGaCJamankarrn t;citþy:agxøamgcmebahehtukarn_edl )anekiteligcmebahrbcacnenakñúgpumienh CaBiesseTAeTot enah elakshrbhracgacja)anmanrbsasn_fa Kat;nwg xitxmrbwgerbg[tulakarenhmankarkat;esckþi[)anqab; rh½stamedlkat;gacefvieta)annigxitxmesvgrkyutþifm srmab;rbcacnexμrrkb;rub. swum sup½ kþ nig Kit esri 54 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

57 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ esckþ Iepþ Im KeRmagrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa srmab;karculrymrbs;gñkrs;ranmancivitrtúv)ancat;tuk CaerOgmYyfμIbMput nigbmuføab;manbimunmk edaysaretmyy PaKFMénGñkrs;ranmanCIvitRtÚv)ancat;TukCa «edimbnþwg rdæb,evni.» KeRmagrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa srmab;karculrymrbs;gñkrs;ranmancivitrtúv)ancat;tukca erogmyyfμibmput nigbmuføab;manbimunmk edaysaretmyypak FMénGñkrs;ranmanCIvitRtÚv)ancat;TukCa «edimbnþwgrdæ b,evni» EdlRtÚv)aneKTTYlsÁal;CaPaKIeBjeljenAkñúg dmenirkarnitivifirbs;tulakar. b:uenþ KeRmagenHminRtÚv)an ekekarbet sum,ietenakñúgsmnmuerogtimyyk¾eday. Rbsin ebirkelkemiletaelismnmuerogtibir EdlGgÁbuerCMnMuCRmH )anertómnwgdmenirkarehiy GgÁCMnMuCRmHkMBugEsVgrk lkçxnðbenßmetotedim,ikmnt;tynatirbs;edimbnþwgrdæ b,evni nigemfavirbs;ek CaBiessGñkenArs;ranmanCIvit myycmnynfmkmbugesvgrkmuxgarcaedimbnþwgrdæb,evni. \LÚvenH GñkTaMgenaHkMBugerobcMva tamry³karekerbvifan épþkñúgeligvij edim,irkb;rkgedimbnþwgrdæb,evnienaggácmnmu CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa. KN³kmμkarc,ab;nig nitivifirtúv)anbegáiteligedim,ibipaksagmbiesckþirbagc,ab; enas)þah_timyyénexfñú ehiyrbsinebic,ab;enhrtúv)anek TTYlykkic RbCMueBjGgÁnwgseRmceRbIc,ab;enHenAelIk erkay ėyagetatamkic RbCMueBjGgÁrbs;GgÁCMnMuCRmH visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca karpøas;bþúrepñkc,ab;edl)an elikelignigepþatetaeli «karcmrujkarrkb;rkgenakñ úgtulakar TsSn³TUeTAcMeBaHkaresIñsMu[mankarpøas;bþÚrsRmab;karcUlrYm rbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimunggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca [kan;etmanrbsit PaBCagmun. etahbicagñkgegátkarn_» esþirettamggs;yl;exijfa karerobcmnigkarrkb;rkgedim bnþwgrdæb,evni[kan;etmanlkçn³l RbesIreLIgmansar smxan;srmab;smnmuerog002k¾eday k¾c,ab;edlrtúv)an ekrtütbinitüsaeligvijminkyrrtúvykmkerbir)as;eday manetnamet KWfakñ úgkarrkb;rkgrbs;tulakar sit irbs;edim bnþwgrdæb,evnirtúv)anekdak;kmhitrhutesþiretminemnca «PaKImYy enakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi. enakñúg]tahrn_ebb» enh karpøas;bþúrtynatirbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evninigemfavi rbs;eknwgefiv[tulakarenhkan;etminttyl)annuvkarecocak; BIsMNak;GgÁCMnMuCRmHxøÜnÉgpÞal;. sißtenaerkamc,ab;km<úca nigenakñúgyutþafikarc,ab; siuvilepsgetot mnussmñak;²gacefivca «edimbnþwgrdæb, evni» EdlRtÚv)anpþl;[nUvsiT icak;lak;myy CasiT iedl TaMgGñkenArs;ranmanCIvit nigemfavirbs;ekcam)ac;rtúvetman munggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. ebisincaggá CMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCamin)anrkSasiT itamgenh[ sißtenaerkamc,ab;edlrtúv)anrtütbinitü enahggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcanwgminrtwmetefiv[pøas;bþúrtémø EdlmanBImun²rbs;KeRmagcUlrYmrbs;CnrgeRKaHsRmab; tulakargnþrcatinaeblxagmuxb:uenñahet b:uenþefmtamgefiv[ mankaryl;rclmcmebahgñkenars;ranmancivitgmbitynatirbs; BYkeKenAkñúgdMeNIrkarnItiviFIrbs;tulakareTotpg. karerb RbÜly:agqab;rh½sénc,ab;enHnwgminmanPaBhμt;ct;eT edaysaretgñkedlculrymtamgenh KWCaGñkEdlenArs;ran mancivitbi]rkidækmμ RbqaMgmnusSCatid¾sahavbMput. sit irsbc,ab;rbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni GgÁCMnMuCRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCa KWCatulakar mcämnðléksarkm<úca 55

58 ú I GnþrCatielIkTImYyEdlpþl;[mankarcUlrYmrbs;edImbNþwg rdæb,evni. «edimbnþwgrdæb,evni» KWCaniymn½ymYy rbs;sil,³. ebietahbicabnþ Ménc,ab;rYmmanyutþaFikarxus² Kñak¾eday k¾tulakarenhminemnrkan;etbgðajfa CnrgeRKaH myycmnynca «edimbnþwgrdæb,evni» enakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi enaheliy RbsinebImin)anpþl;[BYkeKnUvsiT imyyedlman TMnak;TMngKñaeTAvijeTAmkEdlenAGmCamYynwgtYnaTIenH. KYr[kt;smÁal; enaxn³edltulakarrbhμtnðgnþrcatipþl; [nuvkarculrymrbs;cnrgerkahkan;etercinelig KeRmagenH min)anefiv[mankarekinelignuvkrmiténkarculrymrbs;edim bnþwgrdæb,evnieliy BIeRBaHCnrgeRKaHenAmuntulakar ]RkidækmμGnþrCatiminRtÚv)aneKTTYlsÁal;CaedImbNþwgenA kñúgdmenirkarnitivifiet. benßmbielienhetot tulakarbiess srmab;rbetslibg;edlttyl\t iblbic,ab;siuvil EdlEcg fa «etahbicacnrgerkahminmansit iduckña kñúgkarefivcaedim bnþwgrdæb,evnirbs;rbb½n c,ab;siuvily:agnak¾eday duccatamtarsmngcaedim BYkeKRbEhlCaGnuvtþsiT itam nitivifimyycmnyn ]TahrN_ karttyléksaredl)andak;eday PaKInImYy²ehAsakSIedayeyagtamkarGnuBaØatrbs; GgÁCMnM ucrmhrtütbinitünigtamdansaksi bmebjjtþ inigesckþ segçb». TaMgenHGacbgðajfa tulakargnþrcatitamgenh )anpþl;[mannuvkarculrymrbs;cnrgerkahedlmin)an elikkm<s; [mannuvkrmiténkarculrymrbs;edimbnþwgrdæ b,evnicagnþrcati edayhak;duccac,ab;myyedlfa KeRmag énkarculrymrbs;edimbnþ wgrdæb,evniénggácmnm ucrmhvisambaø kñúgtulakarkm<úca y:agehacnas;rtúvetpþl;[gñkena rs;ranmancivitnuvsit iedlmanenakñúgkermagénkarculrym rbs;gñkenars;ranmancivit. etahbicay:agnak¾eday duc Edl)anerobrab;dUcxageRkam mankarrbüy)armöfa edim bnþwgrdæb,evnirbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca RbEhlCatamkarBiteTAmansiT ietmyycmnyntucb:uenñah. sit irbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni niggñkenars;ranman EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ CIvitBIrbbExμrRkhmmin)anekIteLIgedayminman\T iblbi EpñkxageRkAeT. enakñúgdmenirkarnitivifirbhμtnð tulakar RtÚvEteFVI[mansmPaBrvagsiT irbs;gñkenars;nigsit ittyl )ankarkat;kþ Iedayyutþ ifm rbs;cnrtúvecat. benßmbielienh etot dmenirkarnitivifienhkyretdmenirkar[)anelonbmput tamedlgacefiveta)an. plrbeyacn_tamgbienhetget man\ti BleTAelIKña KWfaenAeBlEdlPaKINamYyTTYl)an plrbeyacn_ enahpakimyyetotnwg)at;bg;plrbeyacn_. enhcakarbitsrmab;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca edaysarvabinitüemiletaelidmenirkarnitivifismxan;²edl culrymedayedimbnþwgrdæb,evnirab;ban;nak;. \Ti Blén plrbeyacn_tamgenh)anefvi[ecarkm Laev:j ecatca smnyrfa «etieyiggacefvigiv)anedayminrmelapc,ab; b edayminpøas;bþúrgtßn½yénkarculrymrbs;edimbnþwgrdæ b,evni nigekalbmngrbs;tulakartamgmuledlbegá IteLIg edayskmμpabedlmantmnak;tmngkñakwskmμpabsiuvil nig skmμpab]rkidækmμ». karefviviesafnkmμvifanedimbnþwgrdæb,evni[man lkçn³twgrwugcagmun efvi[mankarrbüy)armömyyfa GgÁCMnMu CRmHvisamBaØkñúgtulakarkm<úCanwgemIlrMlgcMNucenH. edim,ibbaäb;nuvkarrbüy)armöenh c,ab;edlrtúv)anesierirtúv EtrkSaTMnak;TMngrvagemFavInigkUnkþIKWsiT ikñúgkarculrymrbs; GñkTaMgBIrxN³eBlEdlkMBugbnþFananUvsiT iculrymenakñúg dmenirkarnitivifikñ úgnamca «PaKI» myyrbs;gñkenars;ranman CIvit. GñkEdlmin)aneFIVvapg nwgrtúvkat;bnßysit iénkar culrymrbs;gñkenars;ranmancivit EdlBYkeKnwgminRtÚv)an cat;tukcaedimbnþwgrdæb,evnitetaetoteliy. TMnak;TMngrvagemFavInigkUnkþI kñ úgnamcapakienakñ úgdmenirkarnitivifi erkamvifanépþkñ úg edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimansit ittylkartmnagedayemfavi. edim,i[sit imyyenhmanlkçn³kan;etrwgmam nigmangtßn½y vartúvetbnþdak;bba ÚlFatupSMsMxan;²énTMnak;TMngrvagemFavI 56 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

59 EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ nigkunkþi ³ sit irbs;kunkþikñúgkarcylemfavimñak;etatamkar erciserisrbs;xøün sit ikmnt;ekalbmngedlxøüncg;)ankar tmnagbiemfavinigculrymsermccitþkargnuvtþ. karmin)an dak;bba ÚlFatusMxan;²TaMgenHenAkñúgc,ab;EdlRtÚv)anRtÜt BinitünwgRtÚvkat;bnßysiT ittyl)ankarrbwksaedlefvi[man cm l;faetiggácmnmucrmhkmbugykcitþtukdak;etaelimuldæanrkwh rbs;vifanc,ab;enhet?. eyagetatamesckþirbkasb½t manrbs;ggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcaenadmnak;karcab;epþim edimbnþwg rdæb,evninwgrtúvdak;bba ÚlKñaCaRkúmmYy ehiyrkúmenahnwg RtÚvtMNagedayshemFavItMNag. vak¾)anelikeligbenßm etotfa emfaviedimbnþwgrdæb,evnikwrtúvpþl;karkamrtcmebah shemfavitmnag. etahbicay:agnak¾eday sißtenaerkam KeRmagenH vamintan;c,as;las;enaeliyetfagñknaanwg tmnag[cmnab;garmμn_rbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnimñak;². vamansarsmxan;xøamgnas;edlfa emfaviedimbnþ wgrdæb,evni minsißtenaq aybicmnyyemfaviedl)anelikkm<s;kmnt;fa vaminemncatynatigivedlsmxan; nigecosq aybikarcyykamrt tulakarcmnys[kunkþirbs;ekeliy. RbsinebIenHbgðajenA kñúgkrnienh etahbicay:agnak¾eday nwgmantmnak;tmngrvag KñaeTAvijeTAmky:agBitR)akdrvagemFavInaMmuxCamYynwg edimbnþwgrdæb,evninimyy²camyynwgpasamyyc,as;las; edim,ibmebj katbvkic rbs;shemfavitmnagcmebahedimbnþ wg rdæb,evnimñak;² ehiyminemnrkan;etbrgümrkúmculkñatamg Gs;enaHeT. ]TahrN_ tulakarrbhμtnðgnþrcati)an Ecgy:agc,as;las;fa «GñktMNagEpñkc,ab;TUeTA KYrEtTTYl xusrtúvkñúgkartmnag[cnrgerkahedlmanekalbmngduc KñaenAkñúgGMLúgeBldMeNIrkarnItiviFInigtMNag[CnrgeRKaH Cak;lak;enAeBlEdlplRbeyaCn_rbs;buKÁlmñak;²Gac nwg)at;bg;». PasaEbbenHenAkñúgc,ab;viesaFnkmμnwgCYy kat;bnßynuvkarrbüy)armöedlfa cmnab;garmμn_énbukál mñak;²rbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni KWkMBugsißtenAeRkamcMNab; GarmμN_TaMgmUlrbs;RkúmbRgÜbbRgÜmmYy. c,ab;edlrtúv)anrtütbinitücam)ac;rtúvetmanynþkar myypgedrsrmab;edahrsaycemøahrvagedimbnþwgrdæ b,evni nigshemfavitmnag. CemøaHEbbenH nwgekitelig mingacecosvag)anrvagemfavitamgenah CaBiessenAeBl emfavitmnag[kunkþisrmab;ekalbmngnigcmnab;garmμn_ epsgkña. edim,ikmu[manbbaðacemøahenakñúgc,ab;edlrtúvrtüt Binitü KYrEtkMuykcitþTukdak;eTAnwgPaBBitR)akdNamYyEdl minmankarrbmerbóg. KYr[kt;smÁal; tulakar]rkidækmμ GnþrCati)anEcgfa RbsinebIGñktMNagEpñkc,ab;minGaceLIg bgðajbicmnab;garmμn_rbs;cnrgerkahmyyrkúm b ercinrkúm eday «yutþifm nigesiμpabkña» et GñktMNagEpñkc,ab;nwg CRmabGgÁCMnM ucrmhfacnnanwgcat;vifankarrtwmrtúv ]TahrN_ erciseriskariyal½yrbs;rkúmrbwksasafarn³ srmab; CnrgeRKaHedIm,IbgðajBICnrgeRKaHmYyRkúmTak;TgeTAnwg bbaðacak;lak;namyyedlbegáinbicemøahplrbeyacn_. duckñaenhedr cam)ac;rtúvetmankareliktwkcitþdl; shemfavitmnagrbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakar km<úca edim,idak;bba ÚlKMnitExVgeyabl;KñaBIemFavIedImbNþwg rdæb,evni. RbsinebIemFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIbgðajkar RbqaMgdac;xatcMeBaHkarseRmccitþCak;lak;NamYyEdleFIV eligedayshemfavitmnag enahcam)ac;rtúvetmancermis myyepsgetot. ebiniyaygmbiemfaviedimbnþwgrdæb,evni viij duccarkúmrbwksaepñkc,ab;epsg²etotedr cam)ac;rtúvet sißtenaerkamrkmsilfm CatinigGnþrCatiedIm,ItMNag[ TsSn³ nig plrbeyacn_kunkþirbs;ek EdlTaMgenHGaceFIV[ BYkeKsißtenAkñúgsßanPaBmYyEdlminGaceTArYceLIy. CagenHeTAeTot sit irbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnixøünég RtÚvEtTTYl)annUvkarkarBar. edimbnþwgrdæb,evnirtúvet TTYl)annUvkarGnuBaØatpgEdr tamry³dmenirkarnitivifikñúg karcylemfaviedlek)anerciseris k¾duccabbaäb;emfavi rbs;ek nigkmnt;gmbiekalbmng niggtßn½yénkargnuvtþ mcämnðléksarkm<úca 57

60 ekalbmngtamgenah. enhkwmansarsmxan;xøamgnas; BIeRBaH Gñkrs;ranmanCIvitCaeRcInenAkñúgsMNMuerOg002 KWman sasnab CatiBnÞúepSg²Kña EdlRbEhlCamanCYbRbTHnUv karqwcab;enaeblxuskña TIkEnøgxusKña nigedaysñaédmnuss xuskña ehiyrbehlcamanekalbmngxus²kñakñ úgkarculrym nigcg;)ansmngxus²kña. PaBxusEbøknigplRbeyaCn_ EbøkKñaTaMgenHKYrEtRtÚv)anbgðaj RbsinebIBitCakarcUlrYm rbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnisißtenaerkamc,ab;edlrtúv)an RtÜtBinitü. sit ienakñ úgkarculrym sißtenaerkamc,ab;vifanépþkñúgrbs;ggácmnmucrmh visambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úcaedl)anrbagtukbimunmk enaebl EdledImbNþwgrdæb,evNImñak;cUlrYmenAkñúgdMeNIrkarnItiviFI «CnrgeRKaHenaHnwgkøayCaedImbNþwgmñak;enAkñúgdMeNIrkar nitivifirbhμtnðrbs;tulakar». CalT pl edimbnþwgrdæ b,evnienahmansit ikñúg «karculrymenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi RBhμTNÐRbqaMgnwgGñkEdlTTYlxusRtÚvcMeBaH]RkidækmμenA kñúgyutþafikarrbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca edaykamrtkarkat;etas» k¾duccaedim,iesvgrk «smngepñk EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ silfm nigsmngrym». sit ikñúgkarculrymenakñúgdmenirkar nitivifirbs;tulakarcapakirtúvmansit imyycmnyn ducca sit i ekaheha sit irtütbinitüniggegátsaksi nigsit irtúv)ansyr smnyr nigefivkaresñismu[manvifankaresiubgegátepsg² etot. sit itamgenhrtúvetrksanuvrtg;rtayducedimedim,irksa PaBCaPaKIsRmab;dMeNIrkarnItiviFI. BIeRBaHEtshemFavItMNagmanbMNgcg;eFIVCatMNag [RKb;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNITaMgGs; sit irbs;edimbnþwgrdæ b,evnirtúv)anykmkgnuvtþtamry³shemfavitmnag. ]TahrN_ siti myykñúgcmenamsiti énkarculrymcm,g Edl GaccUlCaedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIenAkñúgc,ab;yutþaFikarsIuvil enaelibipbelak)an edayrymtamgrbetskm<úca KWCasiT ikñúg karesñ IsM u[ebikkaresi ubgegát. BImun siti enhrtúv)anykmk Gnuvtþtamry³emFavIedImbNþwgrdæb,evNI. \LÚvvaminTan; c,as;las;enaeliyet faeti\ti BlénkarbegIátshemFavI tmnagnwgmancmebahsit ienhedrb et b:uenþekgacsnμt)anfa vartúv)anykmkgnuvtþtamry³shemfavitmnag. etahbi Cay:agNak¾eday shemfavitmnagrtúvetttylxusrtúv cmebahplrbeyacn_rbs;gñkenars;ranmancivittamggs; bukálikmcämnðléksarkm<úcacyycnrgerkahbmebjbakübnþwg 58 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

61 i EsVgrkkarBit-evTikaBiPakSasaFarN³ EdlsißtenAkñúgRkúmbRgÜbbRgÜm. duecñh RbsinebIRkúmmYy rbs;gñkenars;ranmancivitcg;esiñsmu[mankaresiubgegát b:uenþshemfavitmnagmangarmμn_fa skmμpabenhgac RbqaMgeTAnwgnItiviFITaMgmUlenaH shemfavitmnaggac bdiesfcmebahkaresñismu[mankaresiubgegátenh edaykat; bnßysit ienhtamgrsug. CafμImþgeTot karbgðajeliggmbi ynþkarexvgeyabl;enh KWmansarsMxan;Nas;kñúgkarpþl;nUv xøwmsarkñúgkargnuvtþnuvsit itamgenh. ducedlelakecarkm Laev:j )anelikeligenakñúg karexvgeyabl;myyfa edimbnþ wgrdæb,evnienakñ úgyutþafikar kñúgrsuk «KYrEtcUlrYmkñúgdMeNIrkarnItiviFIc,ab;TaMgmUlEdl ekalbmngrym edim,iesvgrkkarbittak;tgnwgkarttylxusrtúv cmebah]rkidækmμrbhμtnðrbs;cncab;ecat EdlvaRbEhl CakarTTYlxusRtÚvcm,grbs;edImbNþwgrdæb,evNI». kar ExVgKMnitenHKWRtÚv)anseRmceLIgenABak;kNþalqñaM2009 edayggácmnm ucrmhvisambaøkñ úgtulakaredlfa lubecalsit TaMgRsugrbs;edImbNþ wgrdæb,evni kñ úgkarculrymenakñ úgdmenir karkat;etas nigkat;bnßysit irbs;ekkñúgkartamdansaksi myycmnyn. GgÁCMnM ucrmhvisambaøkñ úgtulakarkm< úca sermccitþ EbbenH edaysartulakargnþrcatiedlgnubaøat[cnrg erkahculrymenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi etahbiminemncaedim bnþwgrdæb,evni Edl)anpþl;[CnrgeRKaHCamYynwgsiT i culrymenakñúgdmenirkarkat;etask¾eday. etahbicakarpøas; bþ ÚrnImYy²cMeBaHc,ab;min)anseRmcPøam² rymtamgkarsermc citþnaeblfμ I²enHk¾eday k¾kermagc,ab;viesafnkmμmyyedl min)anbermidl;sit icamuldæanrbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni k¾duccasit ikñúgkaresñismu[manskmμpabesiubgegát Edl kmnt;fa edimbnþwgrdæb,evnirbs;ggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúg tulakarkm< úca KWminEmnCa «edimbnþ wg» enakñ úgdmenirkar nitivifirbs;tulakarbnþetotedr. esckþ Isnñ idæan RbsinebIviFanedImbNþwgrdæb,evNIfμIRtÚv)anGnum½t edaymin)anbermidl;tmnak;tmngrvagemfavinigkunkþi nigsit i d¾bitr)akdmyysrmab;edimbnþwgrdæb,evnikñúgkarefivca «PaKI» enakñúgdmenirkarnitivifi enahvanwgminc,as;las;etfa etivacatynatigiv RbsinebIGñkenArs;ranmanCIvitenAEtbnþman munggácmnmucrmhvisambaøkñúgtulakarkm<úca. edim,ibermidl; tynatid¾mangtßn½yrbs;ekducedlkitfal BImunmk GgÁCMnMu CRmHRtÚvEteFIV[R)akdfa c,ab;enhminrtúv)andkecjercin ebknuvsit irbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni edayerbieqμahsmnmu erogrkb;rkgyutþafikar. enagmlúgebledlggácmnmucrmh mansit irkb;ebby:agedim,iefi VEbbenH RbsinebIGgÁCMnM ucrmh cg;bbaäb;nuvkarculrymrbs;cnrgerkah GgÁCMnMuCRmHKYrEt erbipabesμahrtg;cmebahgñkedlenars;ranmancivit. duc EdlGñkGegátkarN_BIrnak;)ansresrfa «RbsinebIkarcUl rymrbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni RtÚvCMnYsedaykartMNagrbs; CnrgeRKaH tulakarenhrtúvetbnül;edimbnþwgtamggs;fa sit iénkarculrymrbs;ekrtúv)anlubecal». ducedlelak qamg yu naykmcämnðléksarkm<úca)anelikeligkñúg TsSnavdþIEsVgrkkarBitenAelxExkBaØa qñam2009fa ³ vacakarbitedlfa edimbnþ wgrdæb,evnicaercinmin)an yl;tamgrsugcmebahgtßn½yénbakü «edimbnþwgrdæb,evni» nigednkmnt;éntynatirbs;ekenakñúgdmenirkarnitivifirbs; tulakaret b: uenþetahcay:agnak¾eday vacategi VmYyEdlmin smrmüsrmab;tulakareday)anlak;)amgnigxkxanmin )ancuhetapsbvpsaytammuldæan. RbsinebItulakarenHcg; kmnt;sit irbs;edimbnþwgrdæb,evni tulakarkyretman katbvkic kñúgkarbnül;epñkc,ab;tamgmuletadl;safarncn nigedimbnþwgtamggs;enamunebledlkermagcugerkayrtúv )anykmkgnuvtþ. karpþl;[nuvbtbiesafn_énkarqwcab; nigrbysepñk stigarmμn_edaygñkenars;ranmancivittamgenh KWCaerOg myytictycbmputedlggácmnmucrmhgacefiv)an. GanRDÚ hv> dayemn mcämnðléksarkm<úca 59

62 EsVgrkkarBit-TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar mþay kñúgrbbex~rrkhm rbbkm<úcarbcafibetyüedlrtúv)aneksáal;catueta fa rbbexμrrkhm)ansmøab;rbcablrdæexμrgs;citbirlan nak;. etahbicarbbenh)andylrlmetags;ry³ebl31qñam ehiyk¾eday k¾erogenhhak;duccaenafμi²enaeliysrmab; RbCaCnkm<úCaEdl)anqøgkat;rbbvalBiXatenH ehiyena EtcgcaMRBwtþikarN_TaMgGs;enaHCanic. k¾duccaekμgcmnan;erkayedlekitmintan;rbbenh Kitfa minkyr[ecoet EdlExμrsmøab;ExμrGs;CitBIrlannak; tamry³karsmøab; karefvitarunkmμ karbg t;gahar karekit CMgWKμanfñaMBüal nigkarecatrbkan;fak,t;. TukçevTnarbs; RbCaCnBlrdæEdlenArs; nig)anqøgkat;rbbenh BitCamin suvxuskñab:unμanet. Cak;Esþg «Bukmþayrbs; )anerobrab; [dwgfa dmbugeliymþayrbs; rs;enapumirckcikam XMukMEBg RsukKIIrIvgS extþtaekv. erkaybirdærbhartmøak;semþc sihnu ecjbitmengenaqñam1970 spabkarn_enakñúg RbeTsmanPaBRcbUkRcbl;CaxøaMg ehiyrsukkirivgsedl enacab;nwgrbetsevotnammyypakfm)anføak;etaerkamkar RKb;RKgrbs;evotkug kgt½brnsirsevotnam nigexμr kumμúynisþ ExμrRkhm EdlPaKeRcIneTIbEtbBa b;karhvwk hat;k,ünyut sa sþt½benatirkúghanuy. duecñh karsiksa rbs;mþay k¾rtúv)anp akedaysissanusissenatamsala nigrkúbergónenarsukkirivgs)anculrymbermiclnarmedahrbs; ExμrRkhm erkamkarexasna[cyyc,amgrmedahtwkdibicrkbtþi GaemriknigrdæaPi)al ln; nl;. xn³eblenah ynþehah rbs;shrdægaemrik)antmøak;rkab;ebkelipumigñkrsukedl efvi[mnusscaercinnak;søab;)at;bg;civit. enaqñam1971 edaykarrbyut Kñakan;EtsahaveLIg² rvagpakitamgbir )anefvi[rbcacnp½yxøacrkb;kña edayxøhnam Kñart;ecjBIpÞHeTABYnenAéRB nigxøhetotsmm lak;xøünenakñúgpþh minh anecjetanamknaet. eblenah RKÜsarrbs; k¾)an mkdl;rdæfanipñmebj rycsñak;enacamyybgb ÚnenAmþMúTYlTMBUg rhutdl;qñam1973 etibrküsarrbs;mþay )anrbwgerbgefvi karrhutdl;snsmluytijpþh)anmyyxñgenasgáat;elx7kñúg RkúgPñMeBj. enaéf 17 Exemsa qñam1975 RbCaCnenATIRkúg PñMeBjEdlFøab;Etrs;enAy:agsuxsb,ay nigkmbugetttyl etvtaqñamfμiebrcanamkñap½yxøacrkb;²kñaerbahsñúrrkab;kamepøig RKb;Fun)anlan;B y:agxøamgenarkb;tikenøg. cmenkrküsar rbs; EdlmansmaCikTaMgGs;R)aMmYynak;naMKñaP½ypg Grpg bnþab;biexμrrkhmvaydenþim)antirkúgpñmebj. b:uenþ min)anb:unμannatipgrsab;etrbcacntamggs;rtúvkgeyafa ekμg²rbs;exμrrkhm EdlmansemøókbMBak;BN exμaersk KMram[RbCaCncakecjBITIRkúgPñMeBjCabnÞan;edayG³Gag GñkRKÚ Ca klüan TTYlsBaØabRtEpñkbeRgónRbvtþisa sþkm<úcarb 60 mcämnðléksarkm<úca

63 RbCaFibetyü EsVgrkkarBit-TMB½rRsavRCavrkRKÜsar fa BIrbIéf nwgrtlb;mkvij ehiymincam)ac;ykgvietacamyy et. bnþab;mk enatampþhnimyy²namkñaerobcmgiv:an; nigrbmul bgb Ún[enACMuKña rycefvidmenirtamtisedarbs;ggákarkmnt;. eblefvidmenir ExμrRkhm)an)aj;kaMePøIgnig)aj;rHeTAelI y:agrenßinedim,i[rbcacnrbjab;cakecj RbsinebInrNa rwgttwgnwg)aj;smøab;pøamenanwgkenøgetmþg. enaevlaem:agrbehlmyy RKÜsarrbs;mþay )an cakecjbipþhtampøúvem:aestugeq<ahetapøúvcatielxmyy edayerbiry³eblbynem:agetibetadl;c,argmeba. enatienah smelgfú rrbs;mnusscas;cra CnBikar GñkrbYs EdlRtÚv )anbgb Úne)aHbg;ecal nigsaksbenatampøúvedletibet søab;fμi²emiletakyr[ganitgasurcatibmput. srmakena c,argmebamyyyb; RBlwmeLIgRKÜsarrbs; k¾bnþdmeniretamux etot rhutdl;xmukkir RsukekonsVay extþknþal. BIréf erkaymk ExμrRkhm)anekaHehARbCaCncMNUlfμIeTARbCMu ehiyrbkasfa RKÜsarEdlmanRsukkMeNItenATINa RtÚv RtLb;eTARsukenaHvij. eblenah RKÜsarrbs; EdleFVI dmenirgs;ry³ebl8éf k¾)anmkdl;rsukkmenit. bnþab; mk KN³RKb;RKgExμrRkhm)ancat;taMg[RKÜsarmþay cul kñúgkgcl½tedlefvi[rküsarrbs; RtÚvEbkKñaeTAeFVIkarerog²xøÜn eday myys)aþh_etib)ancybkñamþg. mþay rbs; )anerobrab;[dwgfa dmbugexμr Rkhmmin)aneFVI)abRbCaCneT b: uenþ erkaymkcab;epþimmankarrwtbnþwg CaxøaMg edayykmnussetasmøab;ca erogral;éf rhutefvi[mþayrbs; RBÜy)armÖGMBIsuvtßiPaBrbs;Kat; k¾ duccasmacikrküsarrbs;kat;edr. b:uenþ edaysargñkrsukenakñúgpumi sut EtCamnusScitþl etibrküsar rbs;mþay minttygrgnuvkarlm)ak ducrküsardétet. enaex]spa qñam1977 RKÜsarmþayrbs; RtÚv CemøóseTArs;enAkñúgPUmisÞwg XMuGUrsaray RsukRtaMkk; extþ taekv. enatienah RKÜsarrbs;mþay kan;etrbüy)armögmbi suvtß ipabrbs;xø ÜnCagmuneTAeTot edaysaret)anb dmnwgfa tmbn;enhexμrrkhmetgetykgñkfμietasmøab;canic. b:uenþ edaykarxitxmrbwgerbgefvikar nigminedlefvigvi[mankmhus RKÜsarrbs; k¾gacrs;ranmancivitrhutdl;sbvéf. erkaybirbbexμrrkhmdylrlmeta RKÜsarrbs;mþay )an)at;bg;b Únmñak; ehiy)at;dmnwgrhutdl;bc úb,nñenh. eblenah bmngr)afñafavilrtlb;mkrs;enapñmebjvijrtúv bþ ÚrTisedAeTArs;enAPUmiTnøab; XM uesam RsukKIrIvgS extþtaekv vij. myyqñamerkaymk etibrküsarrbs;mþay )anvil RtLb;mkrs;enAPñMeBj. cugerkay RkúmRKÜsarrbs;mþay enaetsgçwmfab ÚnRbúsrbs;Kat;nwgvilRtLb;mkpÞHenA éf NamYyCaminxan. yl;fa rbbkm<úcarbcafibetyü CarbbmYyEdl)ansmøab;CnCatirbs;xøÜny:agsahav érbéps. karrs;enarbs;mnussenasm½yenah erbóbducca stvfatuedlrtúvrgkarefvi)abkμanfm emtþa CaBiessbNþúH KMnit[ExμreyIg)at;bg;sIlFm ElgsÁal;sac;jatirbs; xøüngs;rlig. elisbienhetaetot rbbenhgb;rmmnuss[s b; ex<imkñaetavijetamk duccakunraykarn_etaggákar[yk «Bukxø ÜneTAsmøab;CaedIm. mincg;[rbbenhvilrtlb;mkvijcadac;xat erbah rbbenh)anbmpøicbmpøajnuvehdæarcnasm<½n RbeTsesÞIrEt mingacsþar)an CaBiess)anbnSl;TuknUv sþiemm:ay kuma kmrba CnBikar nigcgwpøúvcitþrab;rycmbuk. duecñh edim,itb;sáat;kmu[rbbenhvilrtlb;mkvij yl;fa eyigrtúvetbergón[kunexμrcmnan;erkay)andwg nig yl;c,as;birbbenh edaykat;etasemdwknamexμrrkhmedl enars; niggb;rmnigpsbvpsaykm u[ekμgcmnan;erkayrbrbwtþgmebi EbbenHeTot. Ca klüan mcämnðléksarkm<úca 61